An Essay Concerning Alias Grace As A Major Piece Of Literature

The book also known as Grace by Margaret Atwood is a beautifully articulated work of literature. The book presents a Victorian mode spiced up with spooky plot twists. Although the book presents a Victorian mode it is not entirely comprised of Romantic ideals. Atwood is a neo writer who was influenced by the major paradigms of two Ameri after part and Canadian history. Since she was a child, she was fascinated by the true story of Grace Marks. Grace Marks was a teenage, Canadian domestic worker of the ordinal century who was convicted upon the murder of her employer (Thomas Kinnear) and his mistress (Nancy Montgomery). In this novel, Atwood reimagines Graces enigmatic story. And in doing so, she embodies a signature theme, the injustices of womens lives which also conveys the literary importance of the book. Also, she portrays the duplicity and ignorance of Victorian culture. Atwood also cleverly uses the characters conversations to convey topics such as prostitution, spirituali sm, and treatment for the insane. This is one factor that makes Atwoods agency anomalous. Alias Grace has a style that is thoroughly logical yet complicated. This is not the case with the authors tone which remains indifferent through and throughout the book. And so, this intriguing novel is one of unique style, indifferent tone, a signature theme that conveys the injustices of womens lives that was influenced by all of the important eras pertaining to both American and Canadian Literature.Atwood presents a style contrasted some(prenominal) other in her book, Alias Grace. Throughout the novel, Atwood inserts excerpts from other literary works to help illustrate the very complex Grace Marks. This is not common amongst modern writers. Another aspect that makes Atwoods style unique, at least in this book, is her change of perspective. The book constantly changes from one perspective to another. Most of the book is either a narrative or a conversation (mainly between Dr. Simon Jord an and Grace Marks). Sometimes the book is in first person omniscient as seen through the eyes of Grace, and at other at other times, the book is in third person in a series of letters (and this is what may see complicated to the reader). This shows Atwoods grand creativity. Another aspect regarding Atwoods style is her creative and descriptive diction. A good congressman of this can be... ...with one of which is blame. This can be seen in the quote, . . . once you are found with a man in your room you are the guilty one, no matter how they get in. This is an example of how the book not only shows the superiority of men but also how women are always the one who get the blame. This was definitely true of Victorian times, and is usually the case today. This quote is very significant in that it foreshadows who will be seen as guiltier between McDermott and Grace when it is time for the trials. And after Grace is found to be guilty, she becomes known as a celebrated murderess. As ca n be concluded, Atwoods signature theme in this book deals with the injustices of womens lives.The novel Alias Grace by Margaret Atwood is a compelling story of a young woman convicted for murder. The novel is especially unique in its style, and although its tone remains indifferent, it conveys a unifying theme concerning injustices which women must face. And the novel gave Atwood the chance to embrace her fascination with the strong, clever, diligent, talented, thought-provoking, intelligent Grace Marks. And so, Alias Grace is a great book unlike any other.

John Marshall: The Most Influential Chief Justice of the Supreme Court

John Marshall The Most Influential Chief Justice of the Supreme mash In the low gear years of the United States Constitution, the Supreme Court was a struggling institution due to the neediness of effectiveness of the Chief Justices and was not highly regarded by the decision maker and legislative branches of the government. The third Chief Justice in only twelve years, John Marshall put an end to the Supreme Courts lack of influence by and by his appointment by President John Adams in 1801. John Marshall was the most influential Chief Justice of the Supreme Court because he was the first-year to make it a just and effective establishment that was equal to the two other branches of government by his court rulings and policies.Through his first case, Marbury v. Madison, Marshall formed a foothold for the Supreme Court through his administration of judicial review. In this case, Marbury had not received his judicial commission after President Adams was elected. Former Presiden t Thomas Jefferson had instructed his Secretary of State, James Madison not to pay Marbury. Marbury then sued ...

Bamboo Growth (Dracaena sanderiana) Essay -- Environment, Lucky Bamboo

This research was conducted to investigate light bulk effects on lucky bamboo vegetative growth in Azad University, Abhar first during 2008. The experiment was arranged as a complete randomized block design with 5 treatments (0.75, 1.14, 1.89, 2.29 and 4.09 molm-2s-1) in 10 replication. Results showed that 1.89 mol/m-2/s-1 had significant dissentences from others treatments. The high level of root number, shoot length and total weight of plants were obtained in 1.89 molm-2s-1 reatment. Number of shoot, shoot length and number of leaf per shoot were differ in different nodes and were highest in upping nod. Seedlings characteristics argon during the growth time as a crucial factor in determining the ultimate fate of the plants. consequently should be tried always seedlings have to very good condition. Seedling growth and quality are under influenced by environmental factors including light intensity (Lavendar, 1984). If environmental factors such as light intensity changes, a lso are under affect other factors and final quality of seedlings (Chaar et al., 1997). Seedling producers with changing and optimizing the light intensity adjust the seedlings growth, development, and plant vegetative quality (Lavendar, 1984). Lucky Bamboo with the scientific name Dracaena sanderiana has owned to Dracaenaceae family. This variety of dracaena does not belong to real bamboos of the Poaceae family. This plant are popular be let beautiful leaves and robustness to apartment conditions. This plant is among plants that allowed indirect and low light intensity. So they classified in plants group with low light accept (Brown, 2008). Brown (2008) reported ... ...results of this experiment showed that Lucky Bamboo is including Plants that have required too little light intensity. High light intensity can be cause yellowing of leaves. If want of results these experiments have a general recommenda tion for keeping these plants in apartment thus can say Because the total amount of light produced by sodium lamps with 400 watts at 3 meters distance is equivalent to 19 mol s-1m-2. So use of a sodium or fluorescent lamp with 40 watts can to provide power equal to 1 / 9 mol s-1m-2 for the plant (Barzegar & Yadegari, 2010). As that observed of this experiment the best treatment of light intensity for the optimum growth in Lucky bamboo plant is equivalent energy to 1 / 89 mol s-1m-2. Can also provided light intensity undeniable for this shade-friendly plant with use a 40-watt incandescent lamp at a three meters distance apartment.

William Faulkners A Rose for Emily Essay -- A Rose for Emily, William

William Faulkners A Rose for Emily A Rose for Emily, is the remarkable story of Emily Grierson, whose goal and funeral drew the attention of the town. The bizarre outcome is further emphasized throughout by the symbolism of the decaying house, which parallels Miss Emilys physical deterioration and demonstrates her ultimate psychological disintegration. Emilys life, like the house which decays around her, suffers from need of genuine love and care. The characteristics of Miss Emilys house, like her physical appearance, are brought about by eld of neglect. For example, the house is located in what was once a prominent neighborhood that has deteriorated. Originally white and decorated in the heavily lightsome style of an in the beginning time, the house has become an eyesore among eyesores(177). The description of her house represents a place side by side of the past and present and was an emblematic presentation of Emily herself. Through lack of attention the house has evolved fro m a beautiful representative of quality to an ugly holdover from another era. Similarly, Miss Emily became an eyesore for example, she was first described as a move monument(177) to suggest her former grandeur and her later ugliness. She was a monument, an ideal of past values but fallen because she had shown herself susceptible to death and decay. According Fetterley, the emphasis implicit in the desire to see the monument fall(194). Like the house, she has lost her beauty....

Power in the Workplace Essay example -- Management

The capability to possess power over individuals is an intense trait that all individuals behold. The outcomes of situations are based on the social occasion of this power. Power can be viewed as an art and a skill if used properly to promote productivity, efficiency, and effectiveness within an organization. However, contrary to that, it can be used in a deviant manner to prohibit success. The following analysis will analyze the most productive use of power and the wedge of power in a specified organization. The organization chosen for this illustration will be the Directorate of Resource Management, which fall under the Department of the Army. Is the ability to possess power an art or a skill? In answering this question, one must be able to accurately define the interpretation of power is. While there are multiple definitions of power, The American Heritage Dictionary has multiple definitions of power. For the purpose of this examination, power will be defined as the a bility or official capacity to exercise control authority and a person, group, or nation having great influence or control over others (American Heritage Dictionary, n.d.). These are two of the most common interpretations of what power is in the workplace. Power is both, an art and a skill. One must have the intuition to recognize the consequences of the use of power. In addition, the actual implementation of power is achieved by experience and knowledge of the subject. Career Coach, C.J. Liu wrote an article titled Power in the Workplace that outlines several(prenominal) critical details about power and its existence within an organization. Liu wrote, Generally, its not power, but what people do with the power they have, that gives power a sorry rap (Liu, 2009). Lui con... ...wer can also heal the sick, create wonderful products and services, and do great good in the world. Like electricity, which can help to cure or kill, power is a mutable force (Baker, 2007).Works Cit edAmerican Heritage Dictionary. (n.d.). Retrieved November 24, 2010, from Yahoo Education http//education.yahoo.com/reference/dictionary/entry/powerBaker, C. (2007, July 26). The Englightened Manager Blog. Retrieved November 24, 2010, from The tyro Manager http//blog.emergenceconsulting.net/2007/07/power-in-the-wo.htmlLiu, C. J. (2009, June 4). Power in the Workplace. Retrieved November 24, 2010, from Carrer Planning Blog http//blogs.payscale.com/career-coach/2009/06/the-positive-and-negative-aspects-of-power-in-the-workplace.htmlRobbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2011). Organizational Behavior. Upper Saddle River Prentice Hall.

Power in the Workplace Essay example -- Management

The world big businessman to get ply over individuals is an intense trait that all individuals behold. The outcomes of situations are based on the single-valued function of this great power. index can be viewed as an art and a skill if utilize properly to promote productivity, efficiency, and effectiveness within an organization. However, contrary to that, it can be used in a deviant manner to prohibit success. The following analysis will analyze the most productive use of power and the impact of power in a specified organization. The organization chosen for this illustration will be the Directorate of Resource Management, which fall under the Department of the Army. Is the ability to possess power an art or a skill? In answering this question, one must be able to accurately define the definition of power is. While there are multiple definitions of power, The American heritage Dictionary has multiple definitions of power. For the purpose of this examination, power wi ll be defined as the ability or official capacity to exercise control authority and a person, group, or nation having great influence or control over others (American Heritage Dictionary, n.d.). These are two of the most common interpretations of what power is in the workplace. Power is both, an art and a skill. One must have the intuition to understand the consequences of the use of power. In addition, the actual implementation of power is achieved by experience and knowledge of the subject. Career Coach, C.J. Liu wrote an article titled Power in the Workplace that outlines some hypercritical details about power and its existence within an organization. Liu wrote, Generally, its not power, but what people do with the power they have, that gives power a bad water faucet (Liu, 2009). Lui con... ...wer can also heal the sick, create wonderful products and services, and do great good in the world. Like electricity, which can help to cure or kill, power is a mutable force (Bak er, 2007).Works CitedAmerican Heritage Dictionary. (n.d.). Retrieved November 24, 2010, from Yahoo Education http//education.yahoo.com/reference/dictionary/entry/powerBaker, C. (2007, July 26). The Englightened manager Blog. Retrieved November 24, 2010, from The Enlightened Manager http//blog.emergenceconsulting.net/2007/07/power-in-the-wo.htmlLiu, C. J. (2009, June 4). Power in the Workplace. Retrieved November 24, 2010, from Carrer Planning Blog http//blogs.payscale.com/career-coach/2009/06/the-positive-and-negative-aspects-of-power-in-the-workplace.htmlRobbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2011). Organizational Behavior. Upper Saddle River Prentice Hall.

Needs and Concerns of New France Essay

I am writing to you on the issues and inescapably of newfound France. Some of the concerns and needs are, the on going war with the Iroquois, population, and industry in agriculture. The Iroquois are a grand part of concern on our people in New France. shortly there is war going on amongst us and the Iroquois. Our people are afraid to go hunting or fishing. If the people are not fitted to hunt or fish New France is going to struggle because there impart not be enough food to be provided.We will in addition fall behind in fur trading. Since the people are frightened we can not go on exploring lands as it may be baseless because of the Iroquois. The Iroquois do not let us cross their lands, so we can not get to our preferred destination. So being in danger of the Iroquois had its disadvantages much(prenominal) as, being afraid so we are not able to hunt or fish, not exploring further, and not getting to our specifies destination. The population in New France is essay with men and women.I am trying to motivate our people by giving them rewards for marrying and giving birth early. If they do not they will receive penalties. In New France we are in need of more women. So they can get married and give birth. This will increase New Frances population, and you will not have to bring in more females after that. Also there are not enough residents to occupy Canada and live in it. This is a big issue if France wants to gain power and control over other land.So I suggest that before we get more women I postulate if you could send in more people to New France. In addition the population has increased in men rather so then women. This once again is a problem. So again our concerns are that we are lacking women, there are not enough people in New France to later put out to a big country Canada, and more men increased then women making the population gender wise unbalanced. New France as well has to develop its proclaim agriculture and industries. In New France t here is a need for agriculture businesses.In the agriculture businesses we need to organize transportation to carry crops and livestock. This will also make it easier to deliver. Another need for New France is to become fewer dependant on France, in terms of supplies, food, people, and etc. Our growing industries are also get-go to drain out Frances finances. Since we are asking for too much and not giving back enough. We should receive a loan to start of industries or to improve on them to provide us with necessities which after we trade or sell and pay off the loan.So, there is a need for agricultural businesses. New France to become more independent and our industries are beginning to drain out Frances finances. Youre Majesty now that I have stated the concerns and needs for New France which are, the on going war with the Iroquois, population problems, and agriculture and its industries. I hope you will take into account the needs and concerns and hopefully come up with solution s. Thank you for taking your valuable time on this letter.

Cultural Diversity and China Essay

Cultural diversity is a substantial part of the vocation collection in the world today. The ability to interact with people from the western world to the eastern world has been made easily accessible through the use of technology. The center by which we communicate has made the transferring of information faster and less personal. However still to this day the most direct, effective and personal way to communicate with others is personal converse (Varner, 2008).This process allows for the interaction of differing cultures to process information, understand each other to collaborate on calling opportunities. The mergence of cultures in blood is a process, which needs to be thoughtfully entered upon. If an assumption were made that all people communicate by nature through processing information in the same way, there would be no effective communication, as this is not the case. People process communication on contrary levels and because of this we need to be made more cultural ly awake(predicate) in how we interact. An action may be perceived very differently when presented to two people of differing cultures. To maximize business relations between cultures it is in the high hat interests to better understand the historic diversity of a culture.The report of a culture plays an constitutional roll in the traditions, actions and thought patterns of many people. When you understand the history of a culture, you can better understand the reasoning behind business practices and processes they use. Preparation is a key component to any success cultural sensory faculty can in any case be successfully accomplished with preparation. Chinese business etiquette is a high context environment and as far as appearance, air and how they communicate is very different then those of a low context culture. In China your professional appearance is very important. For the purposes of business, men usually arrogate very casual suits with neutral colors. The women in Ch ina usually do not show of much of their body, short skirts, high-heeled shoes and dresses should not be raddled in the business setting. The Chinese will usually be offended if a woman shows off too much of her body. Jeans are not unimpeachable to business meetings either but they may be worn in casual settings.The Chinese behavior between business relations is very different from low context cultures. The Chinese people keep business relationships separate from friendships. When you are introduced to s Chinese businessperson it is important to avoid a roach of hand movements, this is believed to offend people and can found as obnoxious and disturbing. Eye contact or starring into persons eyes is also not accepted and viewed as an impolite act when conversing. The most accepted way of greeting or making contact with a Chinese person is to make sure they give their hand first and shake men firmly but not shaking too much. Bowing is also astray accepted to introduce oneself or s haking your head up and down is a regular greeting custom. Chinese people do not impart themselves with hand movements in conversation, and they do not point, or talk with their hands. This behavior can observed as aggressive and not a socially satisfying behavior (Ricks, 2000).When meeting a Chinese businessperson it is important to keep introductions formal. The use of formal titles is the proper method of addressing psyche. The Chinese believe in be and seniority and addressing someone informally without their professional title is seen as disrespectful. When address a person using his or her family name only, such as Mr. subgenus Chen or Ms. Hsu. The Chinese family name comes first and is usually one syllable. A one or a two-syllable given name follows a family name (Alder, 2001). For business purposes, it is traditionally acceptable to call a Chinese person by the surname, together with a title, such as Director Wang or Chairman Li. void using someones given name unless yo u have known him or her for a long period of time. Formality is a sign of respect, and it is prudent to clarify how you will address someone very early in a relationship, generally during your first meeting. ( In China, it is assumed that the first person that enters the dwell is the head of the group. Westerners should observe this convention so as not to confuse the Chinese.Important guests are usually escorted to their seats. If the meeting room has a large fundamental table, the principal guest is likely to be seated directly opposite the principal host. Time is also a very important aspect of business in China. Being on time is important and arriving late to a business meeting in China is a sign of disrespect. Therefore organization appointments while conducting business to show the Chinese people you are professional and are respectful. Once the meeting is over it is proper form to allow the Chinese to leave the meeting first as this is a sign of respect for the other pers on.When exchanging business lineups, hold out your card using both hands with the writing facing the recipient. Cards should always be exchanged individually (one-on-one). The action of tossing or dealing your business card across the table is considered exceedingly rude. To prevent an awkward situation it is recommended receive a business card with both hands and scan it immediately for vital information. It is demeaning to put someones card directly into your pocket without looking at it first. (Alder, 2001). A person should never write on a business card or directly put it in your wallet or pocket. It is an essential item in China custom to carry a small business card case to maintain business contacts.These differences mentioned can be observed as regular business practices in China. It is recommended that following proper form of etiquette in business to be successful when interacting with people from diverse cultures. One of the most important aspects of becoming culturally aware is to remember the history behind why a culture operates in particular manner. The high context culture of China is an extremely proud group of people. They place a high value on honor, morals, seniority and respect. The foundation of the operations of business is stemmed from these historic values. Having a foundation of historic education of a culture will help in the transition from one culture to the next.It is known that a large percentage of communication is transferred through the passing of verbal and non-verbal factors, the interpretation of these cues can play a factor in how varying cultures process these cues. (Varner, 2008). To adapt seamlessly to a culture would be best completed by gaining a sense of cultural consciousness of others beliefs and customs. Preparation, knowledge and understanding of others practices will bring forth a better chance of being respected in China. The importance of cultural intelligence plays an integral roll of the success of doing b usiness in China. Being aware of the forms and cultural differences through being open to difference will allow for successful communication between opposite cultures.ReferencesAlder, Nancy J. International Dimensions of Organizational Behavior. Fourth Edition, South-Western College Publishing 2001. Ricks, David A. Blunders inInternational Business, Blackwell Publishers 3rd edition, January 2000.

Est1 Task 2

Welcome to impinge on cheer Tan We are so excited that you have make the decision to join our team We have the brightest stars in the subscriber line and are so happy you have chosen to shine with us Here at mint Sun Tan we are not precisely dedicated to our clients just also our employees. We strive to provide our employees with a positive, pleasant, and fun pass away atmosphere. We call up if our employees are happy and taken care of, then they pull up stakes do the same for our clients. In order for us to remain the best in the business we must follow a few guidelines and procedures set by Shine Sun Tan.Please take a moment to read over our morals plan as this provide be knowledge you bequeath use on a daily basis here at Shine A. Standards and Procedures Code of Ethics The principles of the Shine Sun Tan Code of Ethics are expressed in a broad manner as a guide to honorable decision making. 1. Appearance We will eternally arrive at work in our proper uniform (Shine Sun Tan t-shirt and jeans or shorts) and be ready to work. Your jeans or shorts should not have holes, and shorts should come to the tip of your fingers in length. We will arrive to work put together and clean. 2.Respect We will endlessly provide the highest level of respect to clients and co-workers. 3. Trustworthy We will ever experienceingly be dependable, honest, and have always a due the right matter see set. 4. Responsible We will always keep in mind that this is a business and we must do what is right for the business and its clients. This involves but is not confine to attending all scheduled shifts, being on time for shifts, and working while on the clock. 5. Fairness We will always treat all co-workers and clients every bit without regards to age, sex, race, religion, nation origin, and sexual preference. 6.Citizenship We will always show good char corresponder as well as a positive attitude. 7. Caring We will always show a caring nature when it comes to co-workers and clients. All employees must follow these principles at all times. If the need arises to report a violation of Shine Sun Tans principles ravish let your store manager, district manager, or Alisha Johnson, our ethics ships officer know immediately. Your store manager and district managers contact information will be always be available in your manager office and in your store break room. Our ethics officer may be r for each oneed at emailprotected om or 789-456-0123. You may also call our Ethics Hotline unidentifiedly which is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week at 888-123-4567. If any employee is found to be violating our principles, after a full investigation (when necessary) the consequences will result in a verbal warning, a written warning, a counseling, or possible termination. B. Training Shine Sun Tan will hold quarterly training sessions. The training sessions will be held the last Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday of the month for the months of March, June, Septemb er, and December.Everyone who is currently employed with Shine Sun Tan at the time of each training session will be necessary to attend one session. Each employee will be assigned to either the Wednesday, Thursday, or Friday training session. Shine Sun Tans training sessions are conducted by Alisha Johnson whom is our ethics officer. Each training session will be a full 8 hour work day and will include a catered lunch. The training material will be delivered by PowerPoint slide shows narrated by Alisha Johnson as well as guest speakers.Each training will protract various different topics, however we will always go over our 3 most important topics relevant to our business. 1. New and changing tanning laws and regulations 2. oeuvre Safety 3. Tips on the newest ways to enroll new members and sell products In addition to these 3 most important topics, we will generally also insure new products, recommendations for tanning safety, tanning bed news, and a variety of other topics. Howe ver, we will also always be open for discussion so please always bring your questions for our Q&A for the last hour of each training session.We look forward to seeing you C. Employee Misconduct 1. Employees will be expected to act in a professional manner at all times. Although, here at Shine Sun Tan we promote a fun work atmosphere, we must always remember that our clients and work duties must always be taken care of set-back and in a professional manner. You are the first line of defense in measuring your own conduct and pr horizontalting any misconduct from taking place. If the defense towards misconduct starts within you, and you are doing the right thing and acting professionally then we as a whole should be able to avoid wrong doings or misconduct.Your store manager, assistant manager, and even fellow co-workers will also be monitoring your conduct, so make sure you are always doing the right thing. Doing the right thing consist of but is not limited to working when on the cl ock, giving clients truthful information about packages and products, selling clients packages and products that are best for them (not what is best for your commission), following tanning laws and regulations, and always following Shine Sun Tans Ethics Code. Not following these rules set forth by Shine Sun Tan will be considered employee misconduct and could result in serious consequences. . To ensure that all employees are always doing the right thing and have good conduct Shine Sun Tan will participate in a out of sight Shopper Program. This program has been set up to audit and monitor our stores and employees on a stiff basis. Corporate employees from our Secret Shopper Team will regularly visit our salons. These secret shoppers will come in a minimum of twice a week on a weekly basis to sign up for new tanning packages, tan, buy products, ask questions, and sometimes act as upset, unruly clients.You will never know who our secret shoppers are, as we will have multiple differe nt ones and they will always act as a normal customer. This Secret Shopper Program has been put in place so that not only sack managers, assistant managers, and fellow employee monitor employee conduct but so back end corporate employees. By having this Secret Shopper Program in place we feel that it will encourage our employees to always be on their best behavior and always do the right thing in every situation. 3. In the event that employee misconduct is found to be taking place you must report it to a manager immediately.The manager will then have you fill out a report about what you witnessed. This report will be kept anonymous and will be turned in to the corporate office for further investigation. If you do not feel comfortable going to a manager or a manager is not available, you may report misconduct to your district manager or our Ethics officer. If you wish to remain completely anonymous or feel more comfortable reporting by telephone you may do this as well. You can cal l our Ethics Hotline 24 hours a day, 7 days a week at 888-123-4567. D. Evaluate and ImproveShine Sun Tan is always looking for ways to evaluate and improve our business practices and procedures. This even includes evaluating the metier of our Ethics Program. We will have four procedures put in place to help us evaluate our program. 1. We will provide clients with survey cards for each visit which they have the option to fill out. These cards will ask our clients to rate our salon staff on a scale of 1-10 on their behavior (are the in uniform and presentable), level of respect, trustworthiness, responsibility, fairness, citizenship, and caring nature. 2.Our Secret Shopper Team will also complete survey cards for each of their visits. These surveys will not only include the same as the customer surveys but they will also include a more detailed experience about their time worn-out(a) at the salon and about the person or persons they dealt directly with each time. 3. Your manager or direct supervisor will complete monthly reviews on your performance. These performance reviews will largely include your ethical understanding of Shine Sun Tan ethics program and how you display your knowledge and understanding of it in your daily work. . Employee question and suggestion box. Suggestions and questions will be taken into consideration and will be addressed at our monthly Ethics meeting. On the last day of each month after these evaluations are completed for that month we will collect the surveys, questions, and suggestions. Management will then compile a numerate of what we are doing well, what improvements are needed, and what suggestions and questions need to be addressed.We will then hold a managers meeting on the first Wednesday of every month so that we can establish ways to improve our program and how to implement the improvements. Each manager will then hold store meetings with their employees the next day to discuss answers to questions and let their employ ees know what changes and improvements will be made. Thank you so much for reading Shine Sun Tans Ethics Program. Once again, we are so excited that you have made the choice to join our team and we look forward to being a part of your journey here at Shine Sun Tan We look forward to seeing you Shine

Corn Research Essay Essay

Throughout my life I always had an idea that gamboge played a pretty large roll in our diets, but never gave the topic very untold interest or investigation until this assignment. I found myself shocked by a lot of the information that I came across in the assigned reading, supermarkets, internet, and my own home. I immediately l pinnulened that I had many varied misconceptions of both raw feed, and the foods that it is an component of. This assignment had questions running by my mind regarding the healthiness of maize, the versatility of feed, and whether or not corn is even a vegetable.My investigation included a small notebook of mine, my kitchen and bathroom, deuce very surface cognise supermarkets in Foods Co. and Smart & Final, and the world wide web. Searching through my own home, I found plenty of items that I never would have guessed to have corn in them. I was not too strike with anything that I found in my kitchen or inside my refrigerator, but in my restroom we re things that definitely caught me off guard. Both my toothpaste and tooth brush contain al close type of corn product.My toothpaste bottle/tube stressed that the sorbitol in their product was sourced through the hydrogenation of corn oil, and that if the user has any sensitivity to corn he or she should see a doctor before using. The bristles of my sisters tooth brush is filled with corn starch, for the purpose of creating a soft brushing experience for sensitive gums. Although both of those products surprised me greatly with their being make with corn, that was not my biggest shock. I found that even my deodorant was produced with corn-derived ingredients. I went on to read an article that says all natural deodorants atomic number 18 made with corn starch.The fact that corn is something that we use to both help restrain perspiration, and to generally keep a nice odor to ourselves really had me scraping my head. After explaining to my mother why I was wandering more or less th e house gazing at random things and their ingredient labels, she pointed me in the direction of a few oftentimes corn involved products in her room. I soon discovered a few unexpected items such as hairspray, perfume, and nail polish remover. Never did I expect to see so many things that we use in our all day lives, outside of food products, to be created from, or influenced by corn-derived ingredients.The next field of battle of my corn investigation was Supermarkets specifically Foods Co. and Smart & Final. There were a few things that shocked me greatly in these places, but not quite as much as the search through my own home. Walking through the isles of Foods Co. and Smart & Final, I found quite an unpredictable corn filled product in both Wonder Bread and Pepperidge Farm Bread. Turns out that both of these brands run high in fructose corn syrup, being each of their fourth ingredient. As well as most breads, probably the most well acknowledgen brand of ketchup, Heinz, is h igh in both corn syrup and high-fructose corn syrup.App arently I grew up pretty naive in believing that ketchup was made purely of tomatoes and possibly a little bit of salt. cardinal thing that I found to be strange is that high fructose corn syrup is an ingredient in both protein/nutrition bars and glaze over bars. I was scratching my head for a good while trying to figure out if corn syrup was actually a healthy ingredient or an unhealthy one. Power Bars strength have misunderstood the word nutrition, because the very famous Hershey Chocolate brand and Life Savers steamy rear enddy are both very high on their amounts of corn syrup.The contrast of Power Bars claiming to be a healthy alternative to syrupy snacks left me a bit confused. Overall I wasnt completely blown away by most items found in supermarkets that use different forms of corn in their production, but there were a few that definitely made me scratch my head and think for a second. My investigation concluded l ater on my venture to the supermarkets. Once I was home and reflected on my entire page of notes on what I discovered, my eyes were opened to the importance of corn in nows culture.I began to realize that corn is much more than a bunch of kernels that feed our stomach and help create other basic foods. I always knew that corn played a large role in the production of common foods such as tortillas, chips, candy, and believe it or not I also knew that it was used in some brands of yogurt. Never did I expect to find it in condiments such as ketchup, or nutrition bars give care the pop brand Power Bars and I dont think anybody would have guessed that corn is used in the production of in-home items like some hairsprays, toothpaste, and deodorants.I still think it is strange that corn is something that takes part in cleansing our bodies of odor and cleaning our teeth. The exploration throughout local supermarkets and my home helped me increase proper knowledge of corns versatility. I discovered that corn is not purely an edible product, but that it is something that can be used as an ingredient for cleansing tools such as toothpaste, and odor removers such as deodorants. Also, I learned of the different ways that corn can be change to be a proper ingredient for certain products.When we say that corn is all around us, we certainly do not mean that there are yellow kernels in our soda cans, or that solid corn has been mixed into our toothpastes. There are different subdivisions of corn, or derivatives. When we say corn is all around us, we could mean corn starch, sweet corn, corn syrup, or others. As my in-home and supermarket exploration reached an end, my online investigation was about to begin. I decided to first answer the question that had me most intrigued How healthy is corn for your body?I quickly found a very informative and factual blog website that provided exactly the information that I was hoping to learn. Eatingwell. com contained two articles writt en by separate authors, in two different years. The first article answered my question with two strong points, while the other brought to dismay atomic number 23 different myths about sweet corn. The first article, Whats Fresh Is Corn Healthy Or Not? explained that corn is indeed a healthy ingredient. The author, Carolyn Malcoun, made it known that corn is a starchy vegetable.Like most other starchy vegetables, such as potatoes and peas, it contains a solid amount of fiber. Specifically speaking, corn contains four grams of fiber per one cup of kernels. Fiber, like most of us probably realize, is an indigestible portion of plant foods that is extremely healthy for us. Fiber is known for lowering blood sugar, cut discomfit cholesterol, and very well could help prevent colon cancer. As well as containing fiber, corn is also filled with a good source of lutein and zeaxanthin, like most yellow or green colored vegetables are.Lutein and zeaxanthin are both well known for reducing r isk of chronic eye diseases such as cataracts, especially as you begin to age. So ultimately, this article was written to prove the fact that corn can very well be a part of a healthy diet. One note that was made very clear was that the corn this author was report of was corn that is to be bought on the cob, not corn that makes enthol and high-fructose corn syrup, which is definitely not the same. Unfortunately, that is the type of corn that is found most common in the American diet.In fact, of the ninety-four million acres of corn that was grown in the United States in the year 2007, about one percent of it was sweet corn. It was a high recommendation to support your local farmers and receive your corn and other plant and ground-grown vegetables fresh. The next article that I examined was written by Matthew Thompson, in July of culture year. Thompson is the associate food editor for EatingWell Magazine that brought to light five different but common myths about sweet corn, the co rn that is found most usually used in the American diet.The first myth that he tackled was the myth that most sweet corn is genetically modified. In the year of 2011, only tierce to four percent of the sweet corn grown on United States soil was genetically modified, which is planned to be a much different number in the summer of 2013. Monsanto, a giant sustainable agricultural company, is approving new genetically modified performance sweet-corn seeds. Although there has not been much word on how many of the new seeds will be planted throughout the summer, USDA (United States Department Of Agriculture) organic corn has been proved to be the way to go.The second myth was that corn is both fattening and sugary. The truth is that one ear of corn contains the same number of calories and even less than a quarter of the amount of sugar. Although that might mean that corn is one of the healthier choices at your family get together doesnt mean that we should decide to scarf down a corn on the cob that is smothered in butter and other condiments of that nature. The third myth was that corn is made less nutritious when cooked. Although you might be thinking to yourself how much that makes sense (much like I id), cooking the corn actually increases antioxidant activity which helps protect the body from diseases such as cancer and heart disease. The fourth myth is that corn has zero healthy benefits, which was quickly verified as an invalid assumption when I learned that one mid-sized ear of sweet corn offers a three-gram dose of dietary fiber which we earlier discovered to be extremely nutritious for our bodies. The fifth and last myth that was brought to light was that the best way to choose corn is by color.Turns out that the variety of the corn is far less important than the freshness of the cob. The color of the kernels actually doesnt matter. Preferences will vary, just like choosing your flavor of ice cream. Curious as to how to choose the corn that would be cons idered most fresh? Simple. Dont get corn that has been out of the field for over twenty-four hours. A quick Google search answered my last question Is corn a vegetable? I had imitation that since corn is something that grows from the ground that it must be a vegetable, which I now know as not to be true.I learned that corn is actually considered to be a grain. Corn indeed grows from the ground, but is not attached to a stem, leaf, or root. However, this is a highly debated topic throughout America, ask the US State Senators of New York. They had the liberty of deciding the state vegetable. Despite the fact that the state of New York is the second largest onion producer in the United States, the popular vote went to corn. How can corn be the official vegetable of a state when it is actually considered a grain rather than a vegetable? I never found the answer to that one.Once my study of corn had completely reached an end, I finally realized how much I actually did not know about co rn. A large number of different facts were brought to light, and the air was cleared referring to the different misconceptions and assumptions that I too have made about corn, as well as many of the people around my every day life. This is an assignment that I am happy I tackled on full force, because it had to do with my every day life. I am glad that I was able to have an assignment that was so relevant to the American lifestyle.

Coca Cola Internal Analysis Essay

Executive Summary Coca- boob confederation is leading maker, distributor, and marketer of non alcoholic drinks in the United States of America and all everyplace the world. It is a multinational Giant issue with that has market presence in almost all countries of the world. The company has also diversified from its initial soft drinks to manufacture fruit juices and other non-soda drinks. Its objective has been to maintain its global leadership in supply of beverages and other non-soda drinks through maintaining lofty quality overlapion methods that ensure the get word and products remain a household brand. Introduction vision based view approach has been a method most managements call for used to formulate their companies strategies (Barney, 1991).This is because Resource Based View regards a companys inherent environment rather than the external environment. The advantage of using internal environment as a source of strategy formulation is that the company is able to con sider chemical elements which are at heart its controls which constitute its strengths and weaknesses (Connely, 2010). This paper presents an internal compend of Coca cola accompany with specific regard to the Economic care for of the company, its resources and capabilities that make it distinct from other companies giving it competition through provision of similar soft drinks. Economic value Added In 2010, The Coca sens Company posted an increase in revenues as compared to the previous year. The profits came to $6.48 billion. The cost of capital for Coca cola Company is estimated to be 8.7% and the capital totaled $72.929 billion. Ensuing is the EVA calculation for the company. Net Operating Profit After Tax (NOPAT) (capital * cost of capital) = 4.08 (72.929*.087) billion. This coifs to $0.2 billion. The companys EVA lifts to $0.2 billion.Coca cola Company Resources Being a global leader in production of beverages and soft drinks, Coca Cola Company has various resources that play a major(ip) role in every production stage to ensure that the production and delivery of its various product and subsequent client services are of high standards. The company has both tangible and intangible resources that help it in the various production stages and subsequent delivery of the products to the targeted consumers. Tangible resources The tangible resources include physical, human and pecuniary Resources. Coca Cola Company has many physical resources it possesses and manages. These physical resources include buildings and equipment. Coca cola has managed to construct buildings in almost all regions. The presence of egotism owned production plant means that the cost of production is maintained low. This enables the company to offer high quality products at low prices. The presence of self owned equipment ensures that the company does not lease or rent any equipment and thus managing to cost of production low.The companys strong financial bewilder ensures th at it has stable financial resources to carry out the production process without major problems in terms of cash shortages. The positive cash flows usually ensure that a company has cash available for any activity that needs cash (Lawton, 2006). This position enables it to avoid unnecessary debt financing. The company also maintains a motivated bring in force. This has been a major force in driving its products into shelves and subsequently into the shopping lists of consumers. The company has highly invested in employee training and development as this is an important factor in ensuring that the workers involved in the production deliver a high quality work, and those that are c oncerned with marketing ensure that the products are bought by consumers.This has come through realization that the coca plant cola products do not fall under the necessity class but rather fall under momentum products. Intangible Resources The Companys intangible resources include the technical resources , intellectual and goodwill. Coca cola company has for a long time enjoyed technical resources that see helped the company has technical expertise in production of some products that have been of great use fostering the companys goals. The company has been able to come up with numerous flavors in their soft drinks such as such as , Orange flavor, Pineapple, black currant, lemon, Ginger and so on. These productions are a wee indication that the company has great expertise knowledge that it uses as an advantage of other companies offering similar products, the company also enjoys intellectual property of the brands that they provide. This is because once a company does research and development and comes up with a product, it has the option of patenting that particular product thus maintaining the exclusive rights to supply that particular product (Edvinsson & Malone, 1997).The company has also enjoyed a goodwill and customer loyalty over a long period of time this has been an intern al strength that it has used to its advantage since the coca Cola brand and its products have enjoyed an undying loyalty from consumers. The brand visibility of the company has also ensured that many people access the products really in time. classifiable capabilities Coca Cola Company enjoys distinctive capabilities that enable it to carry out productions in a manner that is superior to other competitors. Distinctive capabilities that Coca Cola Company has are Innovation, reputation, and architecture. The company has been able to introduce new products into the market.This has been a major competitive edge over the competitors since they lack the innovation capability to come up varied new products. Its production methods and the ingredients mixture have remained a strong contributor to the unique and high quality products that have enabled the products enjoy a superior status over the competitors. The company has also managed to command strong reputation in relation to its competi tors. This reputation has earned it goodwill and ensured that it remains a favorite brand among the consumers. The companys architecture plans ensure that the company daily running is congruent with the objectives. The company has instituted a structure system where it outsources product distribution from individual distributors and this has enabled it to manage its operations without dealing with many market dynamics.ConclusionAn analysis of the Coca Cola Companys internal analysis through considering the Resource based View provides insightful knowledge on the companys management practices with regard to strategy formulation using the internal environment approach. The company should therefore keenly look into the areas of internal environment as this is where much strategy formulation ought to originate. The company will continue to be a global leader in supply of non-alcoholic beverages because it has successfully employed the use of its internal analysis to formulate successful strategy. It will however have to improve on its sluggish performance in northern America which is its major market. The internal resources and capabilities of Coca-cola Company will continue to provide a touch on foundation for formulation of long term strategy and ensure it maintains a strong reputation.RerencesBarney, J. B. (1991). Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal of Management , 99-120. Comeford, R., & Callaghan, d. (2011). Environmental, industry, and internal analysis. capital of the United Kingdom Prentice Hall. Connely, D. (2010). Strategy for Internal Environment. Power point presentation. Edvinsson, L., & Malone, S. (1997). Intellectual CapitalRealizing Your Companys True Value by Finding its Hidden Brainpower. modernistic York Harper Business. Henry, A. (2007). The Internal Environment of an Organization. London Oxford University Press. Lawton, K. (2006). Swot analysis A management Strategic Success Tool. New York Cambridge. Szulanski, G. (19 96). Exploring Internal StickinessImpediments to the Transfer of Best Practices within the Firm. Strategic Management Journal , 27-44. Zahorsky, D. (2009). A business owners Secret Weapon Swot analysis. New Jersey Mc Graw Hill.

Advanced Practice Nursing Role Essay

Health professionals uniform nurses encounter a chance to go for autonomy in the nurse loter which is beyond the devote of being a staff nurse. Various pathways for advanced specialization in treat career have been established for the historic a few(prenominal) decades. This expansion of responsibilities and vision as a wellness professional helps nurses to fulfill harvest-festival as professional and as a person. Among the advanced practice nursing roles, the cause deeply prefer Family Nurse Practitioner specialized in cardiology.This willing help her utilize skills in nursing science and as a health care specialist with a twist on promotion of health of the cardiovascular system. Creative APN Role in Health forwarding The agent has chosen the field of family nursing practitioner because of the ch entirelyenges and roles that it holds. The current responsibilities of the family nurse practitioner posts promising personal as well as professional growth on the field of the health care industry.The advance practice nursing role of family nurse practitioner is composed of different skills which pertains to the areas of centering skills of corporation health nursing, patient care, primary care, interpellation on the desired population, and it withal deals with community assessment and actions regarding the said assessment. It focuses on promotion of health and healthy living, avoidance of degenerative diseases, and the supervision of the illnesses in different ages, both chronic and acute. (UTA 2008)The pen has chosen a specialized field in cardiology because in reference to the data given(p) by the Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention for 2005 Death data table C, the trail cause of death in the United States is cardiovascular related. According to the statistics, 652, 091 deaths were related to warmth problems (CDC 2008). The stated data poses a major concern that there is a very big problem related to cardiovascular disorders. In rel ation to this, the author envisions to help in solving this problem via the career chosen by the author.The family practice nursing with a specialization in cardiology will help the author contribute in building the foundations of a society with healthy cardio vascular systems. Among the probable setting that the author hopes to practice the stated advanced practice nursing role is in the Christ hospital. It was established for more than 115 years and it was well known to be one of the leading hospitals which continue to promote, plan and introduce for the healthy future of the region. It was noted as one of the best medical institution in the United States for the last few decades consistently.The setting holds 555 beds with more than 1200 physicians and holds the well-nigh advanced and sophisticated technology for health care. It is a not-for-profit acute care facility which is supervised by the highly develop specialists that has great passion for health care. It focuses on the services for major surgery, orthopedics, cardiovascular care and other related fields (Christ hospital 2008). The competencies required for this job ranges from clinical expertise to social kind within the community.It requires expertise in retrieving records for the data regarding the health, medical history, psychosocial and family records. Ability to conduct physical examination, for the health problems related to the acute and episodic phases are required as well as the ability to interpret the laboratory findings. Provide health assessment to the visited areas or patients and to arrange referrals to other health professional. It is to a fault required to have a knowledge on developing and implementing plans for the supervision of problems in the acute and episodic problems of the assessed in and out patients.In the competencies required to assess patients also include ability to enclose screening evaluation for the cardiovascular health and other relevant information rega rding it, distinguishes between normal and abnormal change. Evaluate the pressure of the family or psychosocial factors on patient sickness, situations related to developmental delays and learning disabilities in all ages, reproductive health of both women and men, sexual health, pregnancy, and postpartum care, assess some problems like substance abuse like drugs.Performs and accurately documents appropriate comprehensive or symptom-focused physical assessment on patients of all ages. Recognize health and cardiovascular hazard factors of patients of all ages and families in all stages of the family liveliness cycle. Demonstrates proficiency in family assessment show proficiency in functional assessment of family members. Assesses specific family health call for within the context of community assessment especially the ones that is related to the cardiovascular diseases.Identifies and plans interventions to promote health with families at risk of heart disease (NONPF 2002). Diagno sing of health status focused on the health of heart is also needed, the following competencies are required. Recognize signs and symptoms of acute physical heart disease across the life span. Recognize signs and symptoms of chronic cardiovascular disease across the life span. Evaluates and summarizes collected data for patients of all ages.Plans complete differential diagnoses, with relevance to the epidemiology, environmental and community characteristics, this also includes life stage development and the arrangement seen with increasing age, family, and heart risk factors (NONPF 2002). Upon diagnosis of the members with cardiovascular or heart related diseases. The planning caring and management of the treatment of the disease will proceed which requires a lot of competencies indicated below.It is required for the nurse to have abilities to provide health information for protection, health promotion, formulate strategies for the intervention and prevention of the cardiovascular d iseases which aims in improving the cardiovascular system of the family, requires a knowledge on how to treat acute and chronic of cardiovascular diseases in all ages to minimize the risk of developing complications and increase quality of living, prescribe proper medication for the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics, adapts care for to meet the needs of the at-risk patients, evaluate the effectiveness of the plan in relation to the plans made for the at-risk group. Assist the members of the family of the cardiovascular disorder patient, provide referrals to the health care professionals that can jump out the treatment of the heart disease, and take in the study regarding the desire that is family centered and can supply positive change in the health of the family.Family or Population Health Promotion Theories & Models The family nurse practitioner specialized in the cardiology focuses on promoting health in relation to individual take aim and the family level. The health pro motion theory that is suitable for the family nurse practitioner in the individual level is the Health Belief Model which focuses on the persons perception of the possible risk and the evaluation of the actions that would prevent the problem from occurring again. In this case, the authors future interaction with individuals who are at-risk to cardiovascular diseases will give her chance to use the said model in promoting the health information.Upon approaching, an at-risk patient, the author will be discussing the perceived susceptibility of the subject to cardiovascular diseases and the initial reaction of the patient will more likely to be curios. The next part is the explanation of the perceived severity and the possible consequences of the CVD in the patient the next step is to discuss with the patient the possible benefits of positive action. In such case, the patient will before long realize the benefits of the perceived action. And will arrive eventually on the conclusion th at the patient should consider on performing the perceived actions that could give benefits. The author also considers another theory of which the community level is involved.The community organization is theory which focuses the involvement of the members of the community in evaluating health problems. Upon interaction within community sites, the author will soon be empowering these families in relation to the participation in campaigns for heart related problems. The participation of the community and the relevance of the selected issue to the problem of the community like the cardiovascular diseases will greatly enhance the active development of the community. The most important activity that the author can do is the critical disposition that she will be spreading in the community (HPA 2008). Agency and Financing of APN PracticeThe Christ Hospital will be the institution where the author hopes to apply in the mere future it was the medical establishment that was considered in th is paper. It was established for more than 115 years and it was well known to be one of the leading hospitals which continue to promote, plan and innovate for the healthy future of the region. It was noted as one of the best medical institution in the United States for the last few decades consistently. The setting includes 555 beds with more than 1200 physicians and holds the most advanced and sophisticated technology for health care. It is a not-for-profit acute care facility which is supervised by the highly trained specialists that has great passion for health care.It focuses on the services for major surgery, orthopedics, cardiovascular care and other related fields (Christ Hospital 2008). The mission of the Christ Hospital is to lead the region in giving the excellent experience in health care especially the personalized one while forwarding clinical excellence, technology and education. The role that the author will be holding will help the institution in a way of providing p ersonalized health care especially in the cardiology patients. The authors expertise will also help the institution in advancing clinical excellence especially in the field of cardiology. The role will be financially supported by the hospital or allied services institutions relating to cardiology.In the specific case, the Christ Hospital will be responsible for the financial support of the role. The nurse practitioner in the said institution is included in the employee pay. Some stakeholders that can support the role are the health related institutions, hospitals, clinics, nurse organizations and cardiology specialty centers. The role of family practice nurse practitioner goes beyond the limits of a staff nurse which will promote personal and professional growth. The specialization in cardiology will greatly help in the regression of cardiovascular disease cases in the United States. and then the APN role stated above will surely benefit not only the author but also the society at large.

Mcdonald’s in India Essay

McDonalds in India McDonalds uses a multidomestic dodging in India. This can be seen from its use of local suppliers, its adaptive pricing strategies and the removal of the fraternitys representative product, the Big Mac, and replacing it with a set about of new products specifically catered to the Indian culture and preferences. Unlike in other countries, a large proportion of Indians do not eat pork or beef, and many others argon vegetarians. It is therefore practically impossible for McDonalds to succeed with its international line of products such as the big Mac, which focuses on beef products.Moreover, with severally household spending more than 50% of income on food and beverages, and more than 70% of the population earning less than $2,000 annually, the societys usual target shargon of the middle-class households is unable to afford its products. Hence, it can be seen that McDonalds needs a high level of responsiveness and adaptation to the Indian market. In addition, th e company opted to enter the market as joint ventures with local managers, clearly showing no need of global integration, but rather, emphasis on local adaptability. attractive force of the Fast Food Industry in IndiaFactor Conditions in India Indian goal Affecting the Demand of Specific Foods Inefficient Food Chain and distribution Systems Chance Government Policies Porters Diamond Model Attractiveness of the Fast Food Industry in India Factor Conditions in India Indian Culture Affecting the Demand of Specific Foods Inefficient Food Chain and Distribution Systems Chance Government Policies Porters Diamond Model McDonalds strategy is highly impelling in India. McDonalds success thus far in India is attributable to the factors as analysed in Porters Diamond Model.An most-valuable factor for the success of McDonalds was its reliable distribution channels for supplies from local suppliers. As the food chain and distribution channels in India were inefficient, and imports were taxe d at a staggering 65%, it was important that McDonalds obtain its raw materials from local suppliers, but at the same time ensure that the supplies were of good quality, and were delivered efficiently. This would be needed to ensure that the company maintains a high standard of quality, while at the same time ensuring low costs of production.Given the state of the agricultural sedulousness and the high import taxes in the country, setting up a reliable distribution channel for McDonalds creates a valuable resource that is rare, costly to imitate, and non-substitutable. It consequently creates a sustainable competitive advantage for McDonalds in India. Another important factor of success is the pricing adopted by McDonalds. Unlike in other parts of the world, the consumers in India are highly price sensitive to food, since more than half of their income is spent on food.Thus, it was important that McDonalds sets acceptable prices for their products in India. This was not an easy t ask, as the company had to set a price that was affordable to the Indians, but at the same time, not undercut its profit margin. Hence, the company relied heavily on local management for the operations of the business. Not only did it enhance the companys responsiveness to the local needs, it also allowed the company to rede the culture of the Indians better.Fitting the companys values into the culture of the country is especially crucial to the survival and success of McDonalds in India, since the very nature of food products McDonalds deals with may conflict with the cultural beliefs of Hindus, who make up the majority of Indian population. Besides seeking out opportunities, McDonalds has also successfully dealt with the threats, especially those of the environmentalist groups. As there were many vocal environmental and animal activists in India, they posed a substantial threat to the companys business.Further, these groups also campaigned that fast-food joints were anti-poor an d cater only to the rich segment. This was especially threatening to the company, since the majority of Indians were not well-to-do. In response, McDonalds products were aptly priced to be affordable to the general public. In addition, they introduced healthier products (such as the toasted McCurry Pan), an also actively participates in many community-involvement programmes, which are largely directed towards children. Since India is in the stage of population growth, the proportion of children is especially high.This strategy hence allows McDonalds to increase its popularity amongst households with children. Moreover, it also fits well with McDonalds culture of focusing on children. While McDonalds strategy in India has been effective thus far, there are challenges it proceeds to face. Currently, McDonalds is situated only in a few metropolitan cities, where the crowds are more familiar with American products, and are willing to try these products. However, with the development of India, McDonalds has to expand to other cities to reach out to the rest of the nation.With the highly regional culture of the country, it has to continuously develop its products which are able to cater to the unique preferences of the consumers. This is important to the companys continued success in the country. Besides, the company also has to ensure that it continues to garner political support. As the country has many activists groups and extremist religious groups, it is important that McDonalds has the support of the government in order to ensure that the operations are able to continue in times of chaos.

Dreaming Expository Essay

pagination Task 3 Expository Writing 1. To chance upon groovy things, we must not only act, but in any case dream not only plan, but also believe. Statement of explanation This piece of pen is in the form of an expository essay. The purpose of this expository essay is to explore and discuss what it means to accomplish great things, and how these dreams and aspirations lowlife be anything more(prenominal) than just a dream. This essay agrees with the statement that to accomplish great things, we must not only act, but also dream not only plan, but also believe.Saying that it is simply not enough to squander dreams and goals, and it is also not enough just be a big(a)-working per tidings. It takes a combination of both dreaming and aspiring to greater things, and also a person or battalion that argon prepared to work hard and who believe in what they do, in order to eventually accomplish something great. The audience for this piece of writing is for a collection of exposi tory essays written by students, for other students who may benefit from seeing other pieces of writing that relate to their studies.Accomplishing great things does not very much stray far from being persistently hard working. To accomplish great things, it often takes far more than just luck. It takes a combination of hard work, planning, having goals and ambitions and having belief in what you are striving to accomplish. For most people in life, great things do not line up easily, and do not come without the sacrifices that sometimes have to be made.For most, great things are a result of the belief and trust that one has within themselves, and the time, perspiration and planning that call for to be inaugurated for great things to be perfect(a). Great feats bequeath never be accomplished if on that point are no dreams or ambitions in the first place. It is true in saying that in order for great things to be accomplished, a lot of hard work and planning needs to be involved, but these great dreams and ambitions will never come true if they never existed in the first place.In order for something to be great and for it to seem satisfactorily accomplished, it needs to have started off as a simple pipedream or aspiration, so it has room to grow and develop fully into something great. There are no unawaresages of examples of dreams and aspirations in David Maloufs Dream Stuff. For example in one of the short stories, Closer, the youngest of a very stiff and religious family, Amy, dreams that one day her family will re-unite and her Uncle Charles will be accepted and loved once over again by his family, forgiven of his sexuality.It is never known if Uncle Charles will be re-united with his family, but it is certain that for Amy, dreaming about this adventure makes it all seem more plausible and that it might one day actually come true. If Amy did not have this dream, this desire to see her Uncle walk back on to her side of the fence both in the literal and metaphorical sense then Amy would have lost hope and would not continue being the ambitious and optimistic girl that she is. Great things will never be accomplished or pull in if hard work and planning is not somehow involved.As much as there needs to be aspirations and goals for dreams to start, they will very seldom come true unless actions are implemented and planning is used. heavily work and planning are just as, if not more important than the initial spark that will hopefully turn out to one day be great. If a person really wished to accomplish something great, then not only their heart, but also their mind must be tout ensemble focussed on what they hope to achieve. They must know and understand what they want to accomplish, and then plan, work hard for it, invest time in it, and take action upon it.This is the only way that a person can completely earn and feel wholly satisfied with what they desire to accomplish. For example, in David Maloufs Blacksoil Country, anot her short story in Dream Stuff? the newly colonised family are an unsavoury and a clean unpleasant example of how some dreams, whether they are desired by all or not, can come true. The novice of the family dreams of owning his own land for agricultural and farming purposes, and he takes his inquisitive 12 year quondam(a) son and very unwilling wife to the outbacks of Australia.But due to the lack of knowledge and poor communication, the son becomes the unfortunate victim and losing his life to the racial discrimination that was very prevalent in those days. But the fathers dream of owning is own land, and moving to Australia would not have come without hard work and it kind of clearly did not come without any sacrifices. It is true to say that dreams and ambitions are very important and are a vital part of accomplishing great things. Great things cannot even be considered to be accomplished if there is no dream or goals or aspirations to begin with.But it is also true to say th at these dreams and ambitions cannot flux or emerge from anything more than a dream, if hard work and planning is not involved. These dreams will rarely become anything more than just dreams if the person is not wholeheartedly committed and has full belief in what they are doing. In conclusion, it takes a combination of both the initial dreams and aspirations, but also hard work, commitment, planning and most importantly, belief in what you are aiming to achieve.

Introduction to Marketing

PrimaryQuestionnaires Questionnaires consist of a nominate of questions that put forward be subprogramd to obtain feedback such as a spoc which is used at colleges to scrape out information such as if a student is enjoying their course etc. The Oldham College recently gave solely of the students a spoc which was to get their feedback about the college for e.g. if they feel safe and satisfied by their course. By doing a spoc the college is adequate to(p) to find out how many students ar satisfied with their course, tutors and so on this helps the college as they can use their research to see whos happy and who isnt, in that respecton they atomic number 18 able to exculpate changes if necessary for their grocery store plan.Suggestion box A tip box is a box that is used for flock to put suggestions inside, this is a good way for a college to get and consider suggestions as people may want to make their suggestions anonymously. The Oldham College students are able to make suggestions to the college through their suggestion box if the majority of the students make the same suggestion then the college could consider making changes in their trade plan.Student reps The students union of The Oldham College are able to talk with each(prenominal) other and hear out the students suggestions, ideas and any complaints there may be therefore they are there to put forth suggestions or complaints on behalf of the students, if the college feels that the suggestions made are necessary or that it may be of benefit they could consider making changes to their marketing plan to satisfy their students.SecondaryGov stats Government statistics are official information collected from colleges, schools etc. which is released to the public a person can then see which college has better achievement rates and how many people join them and so on. When government statistics are released showing the achievements and howmany students are joining the different colleges such as their competitions, this helps The Oldham College to evaluate their different aspects this al miserables them to take good measures.Newspapers Newspapers are a good way of collecting data, such as how colleges advertise their courses to the public when competitors advertise courses in the newspapers and/or magazines The Oldham College is able to see what kind of courses they advertise and how for e.g. if its plain text or images and so on. This gives them an idea of what courses are mainly world advertised and will help their marketing plan as they can do the same or do it and reform their advertising compared to their competitors.Competitors website A competitors website can be looked at by its rival such as The Oldham College as they can see their competitors website to gather data from them such as what courses they offer and how they advertise their courses through their website this helps The Oldham Colleges marketing plan as they are able to see if there is any way they can improve their way of advertising and even their website with the aim of attracting new students to the college, this would be done through making changes to their brisk marketing plan.Introduction to grocery storeingWhat is marketing? Marketing is the function that connects businesses to their target audiences involve. It is how a business presents and distributes their harvest-feast to their audience. For example, a business can market their crossroad by advertising it to the public. This can be seen in many forms of media such as on television, via web, posters or on billboards.Marketing is the management procedure in which the convergence or service is moves from concept to the customer. It includes the co-ordination of the 4 Ps of marketing proceeds, price, placement and promotion. tutor2u.netThe concepts of marketing fruit The production concept is when businesses are more focused on making profit from their sales the smell isnt necessarily important as the companys main concern is making sales. For instance, supermarkets such as Sainsburys and Tesco distribute their own products to the public. The production of products is also kept at a low cost.Product The product concept is when businesses focuses more on the quality of the product rather than how many of them are being sold. The business is more concerned with the high standards of the product set by customers and is prioritised. For example, smartphones rescue become more popular within society because of their many features.Selling The selling concept is when businesses are concerned with promoting a product even further to increase sales. For example, Coca-Cola advertises the same products over and over again they introduced names to target people with that certain name.Marketing The marketing concept is when a business allows their customers to decide on the features of their product or service, in the beginning it is created. A business would use market research and use research & de velopment to discover the customers needs and wants for a product/service.Aims and objectives of two contrasting businesses Private sector business Apple Inc. Apples objectives are to continuously sell the same products that are of high standards and quality.Market leadership in Apple Market leadership is when a business has the most customers/users due to their sales or service. Steve Jobs suggested these techniques to assist in enough a market leader Be in possession of and have control over the pertinent technology Take in and implement better technologies immediately as soon as they have availability, regardless of whether or not there are organisations using them out fronthand Create new technologies/products before anyone else and make it an industry standardBrand sensory faculty in Apple Apple raises brand awareness by creating adverts and allowing their stocks to be released online. This can be effective because potential customers will know whether not to purchase a pro duct based on the stocks.Perceptions of customers in Apple Customers of Apple are aware of the product by beholding advertisement and by live streaming force per unit area conferences that are held by Apple. The effectiveness of live press conferences is that the potential customers will know what features the product has.Public sector business National Health Service (NHS) Their aims are to aid people who are applicable to use their service. They are non-profit and are Governmental, which means that the Government silver the NHS by using a portion tax-payers money.Market leadership in the NHS The National Health Service is the all health service that is free in the country. This makes it the market leader.Awareness in the NHS One way in which the NHS raises awareness is by endorsements from the news or magazines. This can be effective because the news is something the majority of the public intakes.Perceptions of users in the NHS Users of the NHS become aware of this industry v ia real-life happenings. Some of these perceptions can be negative as recently, a eminence received a free surgery which wasnt life threatening in any way. It haggard tax-payers money and the majority of the nation was unimpressed by this.

Wireless Technology

receiving set engineering apprehension Paper Stephen Wenclewicz, Ronda Wilson, Matthew Tiemens, She feeda Wells, Annabelle Franklin DeVry University Tech, Society and Culture LAS432 prof Laurence Hornibrook Table of Contents Introduction to Wire little engine room4 Overview of receiving set engine room5 Science that Drove Wireless Development 6 indication Types10 Wireless Network Infrastructure12 History of Wireless Technology15 Social Factors that Drove Wireless Technology19 Wireless Technology Timeline24 Political Effects on Development28 levelheaded Issues link to Wireless Technology30Legal Concerns Related to the Development of Wireless Technology31 economic science in Relation to Wireless Technology33 Psychological con expressionrations and sociological effects43 personalised Communication43 Emotional Disconnect45 homonessly Effects 50 Media Influence51 Impact on k instanterledge52 Impact on USA54 Environmental Implications55 Implications for Wireless Technology5 6 Wireless Waste56 Analysis59 Health Concerns59 Moral and honorable Implications61 Conclusion64 Works Cited67 Introduction to Wireless Technology (Wenclewicz) You proficient awoke and looked come forward your window, and to your surprise, your motorcar is c e rattlingwhereed with 5 inches of s immediately.You harbor to leave for work in 40 minutes merely you still penury to take a shower and get social functions ready for your day. You do non subscribe the extra beat to go pop tabu-of-door and warm your car up before you leave, but you call for remote start and with just a click of a button, you argon able to start your car fleck you argon getting ready. This is just maven of the numerous things that we might take for granted that tuner engine room has provided for us in the valet de chambre today. Wireless applied science is a engine room that has changed the realness and how it operates.Wireless engine room is the ability to enunciate in the midst of devices without wires. Wireless engineering science is strand in m any devices ranging from cell ph whizs, in bringation processing systems, GPS units and ho rehearse alarms. with the advancements in our engineering science, it has be complete less common to function without this technology. Wireless technology provides the ability to transfer training surrounded by points without an electrical music director connecting them. Wireless technology has provided us the ability to take long execute communions that would non ordinarily happen if wires were holded.It is important to lowstand that piano tuner technology increases the prognosiss for race to steal your in make wateration. So having a smash understanding of the various examples of tuner security pass on increase your ability to enjoy this technology with extra(a)(a) fear. The issue that on that point is no wire for passel to access does provide a greater chance for security issues. When you are in operation(p) on a wireless entanglement, your communication push aside be admonishered by any matchless who is in the theater of operations. An separate issue is limiting access to your network by wholly exploit home the baconing real mass viewing ability over the wireless connection.Being able to limit those who have access to your information over wireless is harder than limiting access to those who are physic totallyy attached to a switched point on the network. By the end of this paper, you exit have a let on understanding the overall history of wireless technology not still how it changed the world, as we know it today, but similarly supercharge, how wireless technology has affected Germany. You forget have a better understanding of how wireless technology has attended the German thrift as thoroughly as how it has led to political power.Germany has made much advancement as a country in wireless technology and beca hire of wireless technology they have imp roved themselves as a nation. Overview of Wireless Technology (Wenclewicz) Wireless technology is nothing unsanded to us, how we look at it is what is polar. Looking dorsum at the azoic times of man on that point have been many different forms of wireless communications that have interpreted pull. Many tribes apply drums as a form of communication, the mess season would be shine by walloping on drums. This sound would further travel a short distance so its legalness was rattling limited.A modality that the tribes overcame this issue was by setting up different points and each drummer would acknowledge the senders message by a series of beats on the drum. After the message was confirmed true then the message would be move to the next receiver. In the times of the Ameri tramp Indians, the tribes would use stinker signals as a form of wireless communication. The d give birthside to this form of communication was the limited distance establish on line of sight. Due to a limited alphabet and the issues, that the wind causes would increase the chances that the communication would be anomic or misinterpreted.Soon followed was the introduction of the semaphore flag. The semaphore flag system is one utilize to convey information at a distance by utilise signals with flags, paddles or gloved hands. The downside to this form of wireless communication is that it is limited to line of sight as puff up, and that because this had to take place in the open the chances of your message beingness stolen is increased. Science that Drove Wireless Development (Wenclewicz) In the nineteenth century, light beams were used for short-haul communications, exceptionally in military circumstances.Very detailed messages could be contractable by a coded sequence (international Morse code code) of blinking lights from sender to receiver. Again, this was effective over limited distances and provided a quiet, yet visible convey of communication. Drawbacks included limi ted distance, unauthorized reaction of information imputable to visibility at various angles, and risk of interception. Security was al slip charge suspicious, so a form of alphabetic encryption was introduced as a safeguard. This required an perpetually-changing code set, along with special handling and extra time to manually decipher the transmitted message.Further more(prenominal), the cipher code had to be kept current at all locations to achieve correctness. (Denham, 2009) Wireless technology has been traced back as early as the 1800s. Wireless technology came about because of many individuals who all had one common ability and that was the ability to think back outside the box. A man by the name of James Clerk Max easy abeted discover the science of electromagnetism. Electromagnetism is the interaction of positive and negative charges that have come together and regulated by one contract. in that respect are four main effects resulting from these interactions, all of w hich have been clearly demonstrated by experiments 1. Electric charges tie or repel one new(prenominal) with a force inversely relative to the square of the distance between them un resembling charges attract, like ones repel. 2. Magnetic poles (or states of polarization at individual points) attract or repel one another in a quasi(prenominal) commission and always come in pairs perpetuallyy North Pole is yoked to a South Pole. 3. An electric current in a wire creates a circular magnetic field almost the wire, its direction (clockwise or counter-clockwise) dep expiration on that of the current. . A current is induced in a loop of wire when it is moved towards or away from a magnetic field, or a magnet is moved towards or away from it, the direction of current depending on that of the movement. (Article Alley, 2008) During this time, the Heinrich Hertz who was a German physicist who furthitherd clarified and expanded on the studies from James Clerk Max strong. By doing more experiments, Heinrich Hertz helped advance the use of wireless waves and antennas. The biggest discovery that Heinrich Hertz had took place over a 2-twelvemonth pass over from 1886-1888.It was during this time he was able to prove that electrical energy could be transmitted at the upper of light in the form of electromagnetic waves. matchless of the biggest outcomes from this finding was his ability to learn that these waves could be polarized, refracted and reflected which is similar to light. Hertz used an end-loaded half-wave dipole as the transmitting antenna and a resonant half-wave receiving loop operating at a wavelength of 8 meters to produce what is know as short radio waves. He focus the waves with a reflector and showed their presence by means of dismissions in the wire loop gap that was a a couple of(prenominal) meters away.It was Hertz experiments coupled with Guglielmo Marconis institutions, which lead to the birth of wireless technology. During this time, Mar coni was able to transmit signals without wires for a distance of over 1 mile. It was soon afterward this accomplishment that Marconi was granted the runner patent in 1896 for wireless telegraphy. It was in 1897 that the first wireless connection Marconis Wireless Telegraph Company exceptional was organise. During this time, Russian Professor Alexander Popov was trying to create a thunderstorm detector, and objet dart doing this he screw up across a device that could receive radio waves.His invention allowed sailors to send out communication to set on land, which lead to the first use of radio communication to date. Nathan Stubblefield, widely believed to be the inventor of the wireless telephone device more than a century ago, was an eccentric melon farmer who worked in closing wrap up from his barn in the foothills of Kentucky. He exposit himself as a practical farmer, fruit grower and electrician. His friends described him as plain and unassuming in his manner, yet un avowedive. The only individual he trusted was his 14-year-old son and assistant, Bernard.Stubblefields device reportedly worked by audio frequency induction. It was composed of a system of wires hang up between metal rods, with the transmitter fit(p) on a train carriage or boat. When a vehicle or vessel neared, a signal was direct by the air to the telephone using magnetic fields. It could be heard at the other end of the wire through another phone. (Denham, 2009). Signal Types (Wenclewicz) It was in the 20th Century that the transmitting antenna was established. By using this device, it helped prove that a infection of a message could be sent back and forth slice bending and traveling the stop egress of light.It was during this time that Reginald Fessenden was able to transmit the human voice, up until this point the only confirmed infection has been Morse code. It was from this point that wireless technology began to rapidly advance, in such was that in 1910 Magnus Erics son used the first car phone which was made up of two long sticks. It was not until the 1920s when wireless technology took its biggest improvements and fixments. It was during this time that broadcasting and refreshfuls move were using radio transmissions, as well as Police departments began to use car radios and walkie-talkies.The advancements of wireless technology proved to be very signifi jackpott during WWII. During this time, the armies we able to transmit field of view information across enemy lines, where before this time that was an improbable feat. The Germans used Enigma machines for encoding their brain-teaser military information to be sent to outposts. With Enigma, messages could easily be translated into 5 (five) letter groups that were transmitted in Morse code and then decoded by a machine using the same settings. Unfortunately, these machines had over one hundred fifty 000 000 000 000 settings which made the task of decoding for the British code breakers a Herculean one. (Dubendorf, 2003) During the early part of the war, the development of the RADAR system was accomplished. A key step in the development of wireless technology was the development of send communications. In 1957, chair Eisenhower O.K. a plan to place a broadcast in space to orbit the Earth to gather selective information about the Russians and the Earth, but the Russians were first to dump Sputnik 1, which was released into space and was only the size of a basketball. Sputnik 1 fell from orbit 3 months after erect, but during the time, it was up in orbit it was able to prove the satellite communication was possible.The launch of Sputnik 1 undefended a parvenu dimension of wireless technology, which had great effect on political outcomes end-to-end the world. The launch of the Telstar, another communications satellite, proved to be a major milestone in the development of satellite communication. On the 23rd. of July 1962, it was used to coif the first live t ransatlantic television transmissions. Signals from the USA were fall uponn live in many homes around atomic number 63, making communication history. (Dubendorf, 2003) With the development of wireless technology over the many centuries we are able to see the results all over the world.Today there are millions of people who rely on the use of wireless technology in one form or another ranging from cell phones to internet. The first network to carry cellular communication was Nordic expeditious Telephone which was establish on an analogue standardised. parallel of latitude is any continuous signal in which the time varying feature of the signal is a commission of any(prenominal) other time varying quantity. These systems faced the challenge of not being able to brood the rapidly growing capacity, it was because of this that the digital technology was introduced and offered several advantages than the analogue systems.Digital systems offer the ability to meet demands of the eve r growing capacity and demands of the wireless world. Wireless Network Infrastructure (Wenclewicz) Network infrastructure for wireless technology is very vital to the all that use wireless communications in around way. Due to the ever changing world in which we live in, now more than ever we are feeling the strike to stay connected. These changes have implemented the IT departments and their need to support remote and roving users. Since the introduction of WLANs (Wireless Local res publica Networks) the increase of wireless technology still leave slightly with unanswered questions.WLANs use electromagnetic waves for the transmission of entropy without wire connection between Access Points. As the distance between accesses points from the users increase the urgeing decreases. WLANs transmit info via radio waves which help provide and advantage because this allows for some noise and deputisence while transmitting data. in that location are many options depending on the geo graphic location where you live your wireless data options may be different in your community. 802. 11b is the most current and common denominator in terms of wireless LANs in Germany. This system operates on a 2. 4 GHz system. 02. 11b fag end be used for net working from friction match to peer to full cablees to establish links for interconnection of networks. 802. 11a is an approved standard that operates in a different radio range 5GHz than 802. 11b and offers higher theoretical and actual data speeds than 802. 11b (54Mbps theoretical, roughly 25Mbps actual). It operates under 3 bands of spectrum and good deal provide up to 12 non-interfering channels. It is widely viewed as one successor to the very pervasive 802. 11b. 802. 11g is an approved standard that uses the same radio spectrum as the 802. 11b, but operates at speeds imilar to 802. 11a. whiz of the pros is that because it uses the same radio spectrum, it is possible that devices using 11g get out be able to fall-ba ck to using 11b in the presence of an 11b only wireless LAN. A con is that 11g is still restricted to the same 3 to 4 channels for design, and it may be tricky to design a high bandwidth 11g network without a signifi go offt join of overlapping channels. A further complication is that in the current implementation of the specification, 11g clients slow down to 11b client speeds (11Mbps or less) if an 11g network supports twain 11b and 11g clients.Bluetooth is more geared as a PAN ( individualal Area Network) than as a LAN. It is a standard in the sense of a large number of technology companies have come together to develop the specification for devices that allow use Bluetooth to inter-communicate with each other. Bluetooth uses the same unlicensed radio spectrum as 802. 11 (and g) and as such there is a potential that the presence of Bluetooth and 11b devices in the same area will interfere with each other. at that place is an IEEE standard (802. 5) that is based on the Bluet ooth specification and there are efforts within the IEEE 802 working groups to have 11b(g) and 15 devices now flooding the market will not necessarily provide a comfortable level of cohabitation of the radio spectrum. Cellular and 3G services-these are wireless data services being offered or talked about by primarily the various cellular providers (Verizon, Sprint, AT&T). For the most part, the notion is to carry data over the same radio spectrum as a cellular call in, but to use different schemes to increase the data throughput.For example, Verizon is offering Express network with a max throughput of 144Kbps and an average speed of 40-60Kbps. While this speed is perhaps double or triple previous schemes and rival tpical dial-up modem speeds, it is slow compared to wireless LAN speeds. There are blush higher bandwidth services being planned by many of these same cellular providers. Infrared, laser and microwave are wireless options ranging from low-speed (infrared) to very high sp eed (155Mbps and beyond) lasers that besides fall under the wireless data umbrella. These products are more typically use for establishing point to point links.There are some emerging products that nooky provide point to multipoint service at 10Mbps (and beyond) speed of relatively long distances. There ais a new wireless wide area standard being positive (IEEE802. 16) that will allow high speed point to point or point to multipoint connections. This technology is being viewed as a wireless replacemnt or enhancement for MANs (Metropolitan Area Networks) like DSL or Cable modem. (DiLorenzo, 2003) History of Wireless Technology (Wilson) Wireless technology all began with a man by the name of Heinrich Hertz.In 1887 and 1888, he had pi readinessed a chain of experiments in Germany. These experiments confirmed that electromagnetic waves in reality did exist. James Clerk Maxwell had predicted their existence back in 1864 but nobody took the predictions seriously. At the same time, an other man by the name of Oliver consign was alike piloting some experiments in Britain. His experiments also confirmed the existence of electromagnetic waves. While both of these man had all of the elements they needed for wireless telegraphy, neither of them find this technology.It was not until 1895 when a physics schoolchild at the University of Bologna had seen Augusto Righis experiments with Hertzian waves (Friedewald, 1999) the year before. After conducting a few experiments of his own, the student, 21-year-old Guglielmo Marconi had finally discovered wireless telegraphy. This discovery later led to his first patents. During around the same time that Marconi was making his discoveries, another man by the name of Alexander Popov was making a few advancements on wireless technology of his own.While trying to develop a contraption that would signal when a thunderstorm was on its way, Popov inadvertently developed a radio wave receiver. With this receiver, Popov sent and rece ived a wireless signal (Nkiruka, n. d. ) that spanned over a 600-yard area. It was due to this mishap that Popov too, gets credit for inventing the radio. In July of 1897, the Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical channelizes reviewed an exhibition of Marconis device (Wicks & Kemerling, 2003) and Marconi became known as the Wizard of Wireless. Marconi went down in history as being the first person to successfully transmit and receive long-range radio signals (2003). From there Marconi went on to start up his own company, The Wireless Telegraph & Signal Company. This was the first ever radio factory (LaBarre, 2010). With his company registered, Marconi was now in the position to exploit his invention in the championship sector world. The electrical communication technologies remained under jibe by Great Britains regime as Friedewald, 2000) they had been since 1870 so Marconis company operated as a private enterprise, making it possible for The Wireless Telegraph & Signal Company to establish a new branch in America in November of 1899 (2000). Using the technology of the telegraph as a run agroundation, the spark radio was next to come. The spark radio made it possible to send out Morse code. acute there was not a way for ships to communicate with people on the shore, Marconi cashed in on this market by establishing the Marconi International Marine Communication Company in 1900. Marconi capitalized on this market until 1908 (2000).In 1901, Marconi sent out the first transatlantic voice communication followed by communication from ship to shore in the year 1902 (Wicks & Kemerling, 2003). In 1904, after a few agencies decided to set up radio transmitters of their own without any coordination from the other agencies, President Roosevelt choose a couple of select agents from each group and formed Roosevelt Board. Their purpose was to make recommendations for the governings own development on radio services. With the Navy receiving the majori ty of the oversight, proposals were then made to place major restrictions against commercial stations (Dubendorf, 2003).Telefunken, founded in 1903, was one of two inquiry groups that worked in the wireless telegraphy field. Telefunken was the company that supplied the new radio station, Norddeich Radio, with their first two transmitters. Between the long time of 1905 to 1908, Telefunken advanced wireless in the direction of military technology, from which the quenched spark system materialized. This actually pulverised Telefunken forward in the way of innovation. By implementing this new technology, Telefunkens commercial success grew and so did the number of available seaside stations. The German Navy had 90 warships all render with wireless radios.To advance the technology even further, the Navy decided to use the privately owned wireless company (Evans, 2010). The German government looked at Telefunken, as a trustworthy partner for achieving political goals because of the num erous close knitted ties Telefunken bear with other government officials, putting Telefunken in a position to be the main driving force in Germanys wireless technology development. Once initiation War I ended, the use of radio communications grew exponentially. Seeing how useful it was during the war, people soon came to understand all of its potential, which encompassed more than just ommunication it also included weaponry Radio detecting and ranging or RADAR (Gugliotta, 2007). In 1935, a Scottish Engineer Robert Watson-Watt discovered he could use directional antenna to pick up lightning in the sky. He quick learned that by transmitting radio pulses and listening to them, he was able to bounce the signal off a target like an aircraft. Measuring the amount of time it took the echoes to return to the antenna would tell him the pushchair and the range of the target. In 1935, Watson-Watt presented this idea to the British Air Ministry and when World War II came into action, there were 19 radiolocation stations in full operation.Thoughts are that this technology may have very well been what won The Battle of Britain (2007). Post World War II, the use of the radio had right away spread throughout the militaries and to consumers as well. The widespread usage quickly led to the research and development of other forms of wireless communications. somewhat 1940, wireless technology started focusing on wireless phones but it would not be until 1980, 1990 before it became known about. During the time when developers started paying attention to these phones was also right around the time of the Cold War. Money was not readily available to be dumped into such research at that time.As such, the mobile phone was not very successful at first. After the Cold War, it was believed that the areas that required research and musical accompaniment were artificial intelligence, nuclear weapons and computing device graphics (Javadi, 2005). Mobile technology was just not on th e list, especially since test results proved to be unsubstantiated, the FCC regulations were out of control and the risks were just too high. It would not be long before all that changed though (2005). In a matter of twenty years, cell phone usage climbed from a mere 50 thousand in the 1940s to over 1. 4 million in 1960s.Now corporations were starting to take notice. This was something they cute to be a part of and the interest in the market shifted from defense to phone calls. By 1997, there was an estimated 50 million users with new users signing on daily. The research into mobile phones also brought about the exploration and development of wireless internet. This could be seen as a wonderful benefit as far as the handsomedom it presented the users with but the inferences and imperfections that went along with the continual use of these devices had to be taken into consideration as well (2005).Social Factors that Drove Wireless Technology (Wilson) The number one location for res earch throughout all of Europe is Germany. They have a keen sense for research and development, with recognition spreading universal for turning out sophisticated scientific products. Andrea Noske of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research says, Research-intensive products and services contribute 45% to value excogitation in Germany, more than any other industrialized country (Noske, n. d. ).It is important to note that Germany had 396 internationally relevant patents per million inhabitants, far (n. d. ) exceeding the European average of 158 in 2007 (n. d. ). Another fact I would like to point out is that the German Empire, for some 47 years, were industrial, expert and scientific geniuses, receiving more Nobel Prize awards in science than Britain, France, Russia and the United States put together (n. d. ). Early 20th century Germany was molded by its golf club. Through social approaches, practices and high principles, the society molded its technology.It is say that ma ny scholars will analyze a certain group or certain technologies to show the ways in which a society determines what technologies make it to the crafting table. This is based on broader social views and attitudes. They also show the ways in which technologies are created socially but on a smaller scale (Toscano, 2012). .Their point here is that a socially constructed, dialectical relationship exists between societies and technologies. In align for a social group to notice a technology, the society must in some manner interact with the technology.These social forces and real-world objectives always determine the current state and direction of technological research (2012). The society responsible for driving the construction of wireless technologies was the groups that desired advanced technology in order to be able to communicate from sea as well as places that were inaccessible for wired systems. Marconi and other supporters of wireless technology examined the images of electroma gnetic science and (2012) from there decided to build this technology in a way that would meld with the larger social values for the various audiences (2012). The ideas that Marconi and others affixed to wireless exist within the con school text edition of socially offered ideology (Toscano, 2012). Akesson (2005) argues that to realize a technology held a lot more inwardness than simply producing a working model because technological realization goes beyond the product and depends on relations, feelings, emotions and paganly constructed beliefs about whether something is worth frameing in or not (2012). His main argument was marketing. All technologies need great marketing for recognition.Because technologies must fit within a cultures values and attitudes, the marketing involved will either have to adhere or be made to seem to adhere to prevailing cultural beliefs (2012). Since a society will either accept or reject a technology the ways in which the technology fits or made to fit into (2012) their social life greatly depends on the way the audience (2012) perceives the technology. Radar makes for a larger story in science and technology. Some say that radar contributed very little to the theory that had been known all the way back to Maxwell and Hertz.Therefore, radar cannot be attributed to the advancement of science. It can only be said that radar was simply a matter of technology and engineering. Others argue the enormous concrete significances of the development of radar stating that the technology contributed to the Allied victory in World War II, surpassing the Atomic Bomb by far. According to author Robert Buderi, it was the pioneer of many neo technologies. In his book, The Invention that Changed the World How a small group of Radar Pioneers won the Second World War and launched a technological revolution, he discusses some of these technologies in more depth (2012).Some specific abilities mentioned are the ability of astronomers to map the del ineations of faraway planets, the ability of doctors to view internal organs, and being able to measure rainwater in distant places. He also goes on to talk about the fact that traveling by air is degree Celsius times safer than traveling by roads, telephone calls being cheaper than sending letter through the mail, and last but not least, the ability to cook ones dinner in between TV shows with, what used to be called the a radar range, aka microwave oven, (2012).Technology may not change the way people see the world or bring in new social conditions, but it does change a persons practices. For example, the mobile phone introduced a new way of making phone calls. People can now place a phone call from almost anywhere to almost anywhere. It seems the social groups found this technology along with suburban life styles. As such, this technology was accepted within the culture. When a particular technological product proves useful, people will attempt to work the product into their so cial activities.What is it that makes a technological product a technology? For the most part, anything that is computer based and hi-tech is considered technology by society. Technology spans a much wider context though. In all correctness, a technology is any scientific based knowledge that focuses on procedures and engineering. It is this knowledge that groups socially build into values and practices. When the group accepts the technology based on their observation of importance and application, it becomes a steadied technology created in part on the significance they trace in the actual device (2012).Whether a device is an actual hand tool such as a hammer or keyboard, or a mental device such as a (2012) scientific rule, it usually is defined as the obtainable understanding of a society diligently attached to industry and market. This of technologically advanced worlds economy depends heavily on the creation of new advancements for growth and prosperity (2012). Technological a dvancements include anything from engineering ideas that increase production to products produced by vastly streamlined, good systems.People perceive and will continue to perceive technology as some type of tool relate to work or profit, and the term modernization will continue to suggest that a nation develops technologies that will theoretically improve its economic position (2012). Wireless Technology Timeline (Wilson) The next three pages give a basic layout of some of the most important events that occurred during the development of wireless technology. This timeline is a basic synopsis and is not to be taken as complete. These are just some of the basic highlights starting in 1897 and ending in 2010. Political Effects on Development Wilson) In the beginning of the 20th century, developments in the area of wireless technology made a large impact on everyday life. Today these technologies are essential for modern day living. The early wireless technology that was developed in the late nineteenth century is the core of our televisions and radio broadcasting. Our radar and satellite communications systems also originated from this technology. Wireless laid out the roadmap for our person-to-person mobile communications and allowed for the creation of the technology of mass intake today the cellular technology (Mingtao, 2007).Most of the wireless manufacturers in Germany and across Europe at this time were dealing their equipment to the national navies and they could only introduce their equipment on huge military and trading ships reason being, aerials had to sit up high in order to detect the wireless signals with reasonable sensitivity. The only ships that were able to accommodate such equipment were shockingly huge (2007). maven of the oldest tricks in the book is to send out secret messages hidden by a method called steganography, a Greek script meaning concealed writing.With such a long history, Steganography led to the invention of invisible ink and microdots. Steganography alone is not very secure. The messages were easily deciphered. It was soon discovered that by manipulating the letters in the message, the message could remain hidden even if the message was found. This resulted in cryptography, a Greek word meaning hidden writing (Goebel, 2012). According to Goebel, cryptography takes two forms codes and ciphers. A code is a secret language intended to conceal a message (2012). A cipher conceals a plain text message by replacing or scrambling the letters (2012). Encryption covers both encoding and enciphering, while decryption covers both decoding and deciphering. Together, the two fields make up the science of cryptology (2012). To this day, coding and ciphering are heavily used. During World War I and II, codermakers and codebreakers flourished, especially since each side kept designing even more complex ciphers than their adversaries kept. These were deemed so important through the course of the war, that by the end, cryptologic organizations turned into huge establishments that were change magnitudely involved in military practice and operations (2012).This cryptography had serious effects on German politics during the war, as it was almost unavoidable to intercept messages meant for the other side. When messages were broadcasted over the airwaves, whoever was listening could easily pick them up (2012). This left the German military susceptible to sabotage. World War II would lead to an explosion of even more, new technologies that would have weighty effects in the postwar period (2012). Legal Issues Related to Wireless Technology (Wilson) Almost from the very beginning of wireless technology, there has been a need for regulation.Since broadcasting signals are transmitted through the air with no repute for political boundaries, regulation usually occurs at the federal level. The first regulatory actions took place in 1910 with the U. S. Wireless Act in which all American ships were to be equipped with broadcasting transmitters and qualified operators any time they were at sea. Other countries quickly followed this practice. To be considered are three different types of regulations Spectrum commandment, Industrial and security regulation, and Radio frequency preventative regulation.The Spectrum Regulation issues In order to competently share the determinate (Egea-Lopez, 2004) available frequency spectrum (2004) while avoiding balk between them (2004), it is necessary to regulate the transmissions coming from the equipment. There are organizations in place that perform the regulations. They are FCC (Federal communication theory Commission) in the United States, the ITU (International Telecommunications Union), the Japan Association of Radio Industries and Business, and the ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute). These specific recommendations and rules apply where ) the range of a particular technology is limited by the amount of power b) electrom agnetic fields (EMF) and noise outpourings are at their peak c) frequency bands. Licensed and unlicensed bands exist in existence are distinguished by regulatory bodies such as ISM (Industrial Scientific and Medical) which is used the same in most countries. Because no technology is in control of these bands a variety of devices are able to share the same range of frequencies (2004). IEEE 802. 11 and the Bluetooth device both operate at this band mainly because it is free.By law, the maximum power emission is limited (2004). Industrial and security regulation issues Industrial areas almost always have certain restrictions placed on them and wireless is not an exception to this rule. Depending on the possible accidental risk that could occur, explosive atmospheres along with environmentally dangerous areas may be classified as hazardous areas. In this case, only fundamentally safe equipment are permitted (2004). Europe has a directive called the Atmosphere Explosive directive (ATEX ) that states all wireless devices have to be certified by the CEN/CENELEC (2004).Radio frequency safety regulation issues This regulation pertains to the wellness and safety of humans, therefore the electromagnetic emissions have to limited and specific technologies are expected to obey these regulations (2004). Legal Concerns Related to the Development of Wireless Technology (Wilson) After Marconi made his discoveries, he moved to Britain to obtain financial funding for his project. With Britains need for quick and effective deployment of naval ships and commercial fleets, this was a perfect choice for Marconi.He developed his invention and marketed it for military and industrial (OECD, n. d. ) needs. After only five years, a wireless signal was transmitted across the Atlantic Ocean from England to Newfoundland (n. d. ). This event won Marconi the Nobel Prize (n. d. ) in 1909 for physics. It also started a new revolution of laws and regulations. Germany sponsored a preliminary c onference concerning wireless telegraphy (White, 2003) at Berlin in 1903 to discuss some outstanding issues in regards to the development of the wireless technology.Though the conference proved to be a success a few areas, the topic of intercommunication procedures between different stations and their stations, remained unresolved. A document titled Final Protocol, outgrowth International Radio Telegraphic Conference, Berlin, 1903 (2003) laid out detailed information for other countries to review until the conference convened. When the conference convened in Berlin in 1906, it was agreed coastal and ship stations were to interchange messages with each other regardless of whether the equipment was Marconis or a competitive supplier.Because some countries already entered into a contract accord with Marconi, signing the new policy would be a violation (2003). In April of 1912, a ship equipped with Marconi equipment and staffed by Marconi operators, crashed into an iceberg off the coa st of Newfoundland. Distress calls were made from the ship however as the call came in, amateur broadcasters heard about it and filled the airwaves up and down the coast, creating so much static and interference that the distress call went unheard. 1. 02 people lost their lives that night. In 1912, London held an International Convention as well. both the Berlin and the London Conventions covered international communication but for the mostly they added to the international protocols of wire-telegraphy connections. Regulations regarding radio and news stations were not addressed at this time but would be covered in depth after the tragic Titanic incident. With the prohibition of privately owned stations, many radio pioneers found themselves without jobs.In 1920, commercial and government radiotelegraphic stations were everywhere as the world experienced a major outbreak. Radiotelegraphy became the new thing for all commercial and passenger ships. In 1930, the wireless telegraphy usi ng radio signals was developed. This quickly became the net device in communications for distant countries and lasted many years due to its reliability (2003). scotchs in Relation to Wireless Technology (Tiemens) There is a lot of debate about how much governments should be involved when it comes to the economy.Should a government raise taxes in an attempt to increase income and build a strengthened infrastructure or should the government limit its role and depend more on a free market and competition. Many economists could debate this question indefinitely and no matter the outcome, a governments involvement may be necessary when the country has a resource so finite that only a handful of companies can have access to it and so valuable that it can change the entire GDP of a country, such a resource exists in waveforms.There are only certain amounts of working(a) waveforms that can be used, so it needs to be divided up so not to overlap each other. We would not want radio signal s being broadcast on the same frequencies as aircraft use, since this could be catastrophic interference. For this reason, governments allot specific bands of frequencies to certain industries and with the increasing value of wireless technology this has become a great resource to a country. Many countries have turned to a form of auction to sell rights to this valuable resource.These auctions provide companies the ability to offer a product to their customers, as well as bring in plusal funds to the government. In an effort to broaden their wireless networks and look to the future with 4G, Germany recently went through such an auction. In 2008, Germany finished its analog to digital transition, which frees up a substantial amount of bandwidth. Having enough bandwidth to allocate, the German government put 358. 8 MHz of spectrum space up for auction, which concluded in May 2010. The 358. MHz that Germany auctioned off consisted of four bands 800 MHz, 1800 MHz, 2100 MHz and 2. 5 GH z (Tolaga Research. 2010). Having four separate bandwidths for bargain boosted competition since there were multiple bidders, which should then set up Germany to enhance their technology, as well as build a unfaltering and growing economic future. One of the main functions of government is to build and maintain a strong infrastructure, which is usually thought of as freeways and bridges, but in the modern techno world, a strong broadband and wireless infrastructure is just as important.To improve their current infrastructure, Germany set a few conditions within the spectrum auction. The winning bidders are required to focus on improving coverage in unpolished markets before they are permitted to service urban areas (Tolaga Research. 2010). Companies are forced to provide service to outlying areas with the smallest creation first, then eventually getting to the cities where the companies can start providing 4G networks. These auctions not only will provide a vast wireless infrast ructure for Germany, but also provided proceeds of 4. 85 jillion euro ($5. 882 one thousand million USD) (Tolaga Research. 2010). One of the top bidders in this German auction was Deutsche Telekom, which is the parent company to T-Mobile. This German company is known worldwide which says a lot about the importance of wireless in Germany. Deutsche Telekom has 130 million mobile customers, 17 million broadband customers and around 4. 6 million internet television customers in 50 countries around the world. Because of their success, this company employs over 233,000 people, has revenue of 58. 7 one thousand million euros ($78. billion USD) and is ranked in the top 100 companies worldwide. Just in Germany, Deutsche Telekom has 35 million mobile customers and revenue of 24 billion euro ($32. 1 billion USD) and is building a strong bloodline class offering an expanding Cloud service and network security. Deutsche Telekom is one of the biggest wireless providers in the world and with a free cash flow of 6. 4 billion euros ($8. 56 billion USD) they were one of the top bidders during the auction and will now be paving the way for a strong wireless system in Germany (Deutsche Telekom. . d. ). Building a strong wireless network can really help boost a nations economy, both immediately and in the future. There is evidence to support that wireless technology provides immediate jobs, boosts production as well as thriftiness money on government expenses, such as health care. Germany has the 5th economy in the world and the largest in Europe but since they dont have many natural resources they need to find other means of prosperity and with a strong wireless network this economy can flourish.Decreasing demand for German exports, a financial crisis in Europe and high unemployment has placed a financial burden on the country (Central Intelligence Agency. 2012). The German government has taken steps to try to boost the economy and fortify the wireless network is one-step c loser. The tagline from the movie Field of Dreams if you build it, they will come could also be the tagline for the German marketplace (Frankish, B. & Robinson, P. 1989). Building a network that will allow businesses to be creative and invest will attract companies to an already business friendly location.According to Ernst & Youngs European Attractiveness subject field 2012 Germany is one of the most attractive business locations in the world, while an American Chamber of Commerce learning found that 73% of American companies named Germany their first choice to do business with and invest in (Germany alternate and Invest. 2012). So many companies prefer to do business in Germany due to the countries welcoming attitude toward strange investments. The German government makes no distinctions between domestic and international companies and with very little regulations, it is ideal for business start-up.To entice companies and individuals from around the world to invest within Ger many, the government provides incentives, such as grants for start-up capital as well as grants to help with wages as companies start hiring employees. There are over 55,000 foreign companies in Germany, employing around 3,000,000 people. The majority of investments in Germany are in ICT (information and communications technology) and bundle making up 18% of the GDP, so to improve the wireless sector will provide even more probability and growth (Germany Trade and Invest. 2012).With such a great business environment, one field that can really succeed with a good wireless system is software development. The creation of mobile apps has become one of the most lucrative businesses and the more people that have access to wireless the more this business will grow. To date there has been 18 billion Apple apps downloaded followed by 10 billion downloads for android. The downloads for Apple and Android apps produce $1 billion a month worldwide so there is a lot of potential for software co mpanies, especially in a country that makes it easy for companies to do business in.There is no direct data for Germany, but in 2011, the United States had over 5000 job posting for app developers so with Germany move the wireless market there is a lot of potential for jobs to be created (Executive office staff of the President Council of Economic Advisors. 2012). Mobile apps are in such high demand that just two months after HBO released its mobile app, 3 million consumers downloaded it, which makes up more than 10% of HBOs subscriber base (Executive Office of the President Council of Economic Advisors. 2012).More companies are also turning to streaming, especially since the number of people that view video theme with their mobile devices has doubled in two years and this will increase even more when more people have access to 4G or LTE. According to Dr. Thomas Schierl of Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications in Berlin, Germany Todays mobile internet is faster than the typ ical DSL connection people have in their homes, which means a lot of users will choose to go online vie LTE even when at home (Federal Ministry of Education and Research. 2013). Dr.Schierl is in charge of combining the video compression standard currently used with the LTE standard (similar to 4G) which will allow for the best possible streaming of content. Germany is actively trying to make wireless technology better and with a better streaming format, there will more opportunities for companies to add streaming content. Many U. S. companies have been extremely successful with streaming formats such as Funny or Die blip. tv, along with many sports venues offering pay per view on mobile devices. A fast network is not only attractive to consumers but allows more opportunities for company start-ups.There is obviously a lot of potential for jobs to be created for software developers that make entertainment apps however there are other apps developed that boosts production. With the use of mobile devices, employees are able to have video conferencing from any location, which can save time and money. There are also numerous apps that are more focused on certain industries, such as transportation logistics, chronicle and sales data just to name a few. These applications allow employees to perform work functions from anywhere, which can make someone much more productive.It is estimated that by the year 2016 there will be 830 million users of business-employee and business-consumer apps so this is definitely a growing rationalize that creates jobs for people developing the apps as well as increasing production for employees in other fields (Executive Office of the President Council of Economic Advisors. 2012). Besides the mobile apps boosting productions from employees, the wireless devices can also increase production by allowing employees work locations to be more limber which they can then access information and resources while being on the go.The Intel Corporat ion performed a deal on mobile productions and found that with better mobile devices, employees were able to finish their tasks 37. 3% faster. According to this study, there was a 5% weekly timesaving, which equals 100 hours saved per employee during the course of a year. The employees in the study also commented that they had a better outlook on production therefore, it made them even more productive while increasing their morale (Intel Information Technology. 2003).This study involved just the mobility aspects since the employees were using laptops, but given other mobile devices such as smartphones or tablets, then the use of applications could even increase production more. Mobile apps have become an asset to many businesses and as mobile devices and wireless areas continue to grow, new business related apps would also grow boosting production at the same time. When it comes to mobile devices, applications are not the only benefit to businesses because in addition to increasing production they can also save companies money.A growing trend for small businesses is the utilization of cloud-based storage offered by Apple and a few other companies. On-line storage is used publicly to save pictures and music, but businesses have found this to be very beneficial since this type of storage does not require any additional fees. Information can be backed-up from anywhere and the company does not have to buy expensive on-site back-up systems (Executive Office of the President Council of Economic Advisors. 2012). In addition to on-line storage, the mobile devices themselves save a company money, since they are a low cost way of accessing web-based services.When widespread wireless is available, mobile devices can perform many of the functions of a more expensive computer so they have become a cheaper alternative. According to an AT&T survey of small business 1/3 use a cloud based storage while ? use business based apps (AT&T. 2011). When there is a good wireless inf rastructure, mobile devices can improve a countries economy because they can create jobs, boost employee production and save companies money but it can also help with one of the countrys biggest cost healthcare.As with most countries, healthcare is one of the biggest expenses for Germany. According to the OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development), Germanys healthcare expenses make up 11. 6% of the entire GDP which makes it one of the biggest single expenses. Germany has the fourth health expenditure in the world (United States has the highest) so any savings within the healthcare industry can help the economy of the entire country (OECD. 2012).Wireless technology has the ability to drastically reduce cost for healthcare by making it more efficient. With Germany working on providing wireless capabilities in rural areas, doctors will be able to interact with elderly patients in the outlying areas, which can help with preventive care while also freeing up, more time for doctors so they can see more patients. The whole system also has the ability of becoming more efficient by allowing doctors to instantly retrieve health records, diagnostic information, lab results and even medical exam images.With the right apps, these records can be retrieved from any location at a moments notice, which saves time and money. One such company that has software that can help the medical field is Airstrips Technologies. Airstrips Technologies offers mobile apps that send real-time waveform data directly from the hospital manageing equipment to mobile devices. Using this app allows physicians that are waiting to perform childbirth to monitor fetal heartbeats, maternal contractions as well as other vital signs so they can monitor the situation from any location.Another very useful app is Mobile MIM, which allows doctors to have access to diagnostic images, such as MRIs, X-rays and ultrasounds that will allow fast and accurate diagnosis from any location as wel l as consult with peers for difficult cases. There are other apps available that can monitor blood pressure, glucose levels, raise density and even an app to record the time and place an inhaler was used which can be used to help prevent asthma attacks (Executive Office of the President Council of Economic Advisors. 2012).Just the remote monitoring of routine patients can save a lot of money, but one of the biggest overall costs with healthcare is patients with chronic conditions. One way to battle, the cost of chronic disorders is to identify the problems as early as possible therefore property the patients out of hospital beds. Corventis Inc. is a company that can help with these high costs. They have developed an app that monitors a patients heart rate, respiratory rate and other vital signs and also detects and transmits directly to the physician any irregularities.This will help catch any problems as early as possible (Executive Office of the President Council of Economic Adv isors. 2012). Healthcare is a huge expense to a country and it is continually rising, but with the help of wireless technology these costs can be reduced which can actually help the entire economy of a country. The United States does spend more on healthcare than Germany, but consort to the White House the U. S. is expected to reduce healthcare cost by $2-$6 billion, by the year 2014 with the help of wireless technologies available (Executive Office of the President Council of Economic Advisors. 012). Psychological considerations and sociological effects Personal Communication (Wells) When it comes time to speak to someone, the first device reached for is the cell phone. It is not to necessarily call, but text someone what they need or feel. Communication has changed the world in how we speak to one another. A family can now speak continents apart from each other via email, instant messaging, Skype, Facebook or Twitter. However, misunderstandings tend to occur due to lack of interp retation of body language, tone and facial expressions.Over 66% of marriages in the US end in divorce due to Facebook (Mills, 2011). Apologies are now text instead of heard. Have we become blinded by the method in which we communicate to the point of feeling this is normal? In todays age of wireless technology, communication has affected us in a unique methodology rendering us vulnerable emotionally numb, socially inept and psychologically indifferent without our awareness of this gradual change (Silverman & Blackwell, n. d. ). Texting has invaded the world by storm.A software engineer by Neil Papworth, to Vodafone director Richard Jarvis, who received the message on his Orbitel 901 cell phone, sent the first text message from a computer to a mobile phone in 1992 (Turrettini, 2012). Since then, there have been an explosion of text messages from 14 billion in 2000 to 188 billion in 2010, according to a Pew Institute survey (Kluger, 2012). That number has not decreased. CNNs article s eries of We Never prate Anymore has revealed how much we truly do not talk to one another. Today six billion short messages service (SMS) are sent every day in the United States and over 2. one million million million are sent a year, according to Forrester Research (Haraldsson, 2012). Globally, 8. 6 trillion text messages are sent each year, according to Portio Research (Kluger, 2012). The in-person communication has been lost in the midst of our new technological age (2012). The greatest fear is for the adolescent generation that sees this as a norm. As interpersonal skills are still in development, we find that texting does not aid in this development. Using text messaging halts some of the key important areas of interpersonal skills.Sherry Turkle, a Developmental Psychologist, believes that conversations with another person teach kids to, in effect, have a conversation with themselves (2012). This enhances the skills to think reason and self-reflect. In the United States, 75% of teenagers text, sending an average of 60 texts a day (2012). According to Pew Internet research, texting is teens most common form of (Kelly, 2012) communication, beating out phone conversations, social networks and face-to-face conversations (Silverman Blackwell, n. d. ). It would even appear that texting has its own new language.Language has changed from verbally express mirth to LOL for laughing out loud, OMG for oh my God/goodness/gosh, depending on the language choice, and TTYL for talk to you later. TV shows are encouraging this method of language by vocalizing them. For example, OMG or I-am-so-bored dot com. As depicted from The Braxtons Reality Show. This new-age form of communicating has lost the effect of apologies. Apology text now replaces the visual sincerity and eye gazing messages of What I did was wrong and I am sorry. A visual cue is missing when an apology is texted rather than said in person.These factors are creating a state of new adults that are interpe rsonal illiterate will not aid their relationship building skills (n. d. ). Emotional Disconnect (Wells) Facebook is a great way of staying connected, but it can also feel like an emotional battleground. Facebook has changed communication on a global scale. From one side of the world to another there are phone applications that translate different languages and people can communicate across the globe. Emotional disconnections have allowed for cyber bullying and divorces due to a disregard for others feelings.It is easy to do when flavor at a computer screen or cell phone rather than a human being. An overwhelming 95% of social media-using teens who have witnessed cruel behavior on social networking sites say they have seen others ignoring the mean behavior (Lenhart, 2007). At least 33% teens have been cyber bullied according to Pew Internet and American Life Survey, 2011. This new form of humiliation has created new advertisements to stop cyber bullying. This type of bullying has c aused many parents to send their children to online schools to avoid the bullying mentality (Allweiss, 2013). Has internet roman take over as our new form of go out?More people are going to online match dating sites looking for a mate. An estimated 40 million Americans have tried online dating and dating sites will collectively gross $2 billion in 2012 (Barber Bigham, 2012). Would this form of dating be similar to shopping online? There is a larger consortium of choices it offers an alternative to relying on family and friends as matchmakers. People are able to seek relationships with older age people and the increase in broadband access to the Internet has expanded the potential market. You can almost place 100 eligible bachelors or bachelorettes in your shopping cart and hope for the best.It is estimated that 1 in 5 marriages are a result of online dating. However, there is a difference between meeting many people and finding a compatible partner. Romance is difficult to come b y if the interpersonal skills were not well developed during adolescence and even worse as they grow into adults. Online dating has its positives and negatives, but many have found that getting to know the person mentally has been a better experience for them. It is not limited to any particular type of group or fad many singles have taken to utilizing the online dating as a better method of communication (Hoggard Hephzibah, 2012).This is also an attractive offer for predators as well. It was estimated in 2005 that 25% of rapists use online dating sites to find their victims (Barber Bingham, 2012). The popularity of online dating services has only grown since then. With the prevalence of rapes and inner assault going unreported and the low conviction rate for those accused (1. 2%) (2012). Wireless technology forces us to fake our personalities because of the perception of how we are perceived. This transition of putting thoughts on the web has begun to affect the perceptions of w ho we are.Employers now review potential new employees Facebook page to get a